TOUCHminds: Help-seeking in Adolescents With Anxiety

Condition(s) studied

Investigational drug(s) / intervention(s)

TOUCHminds - Web-Based Intervention: A web-based intervention designed to promote help-seeking in adolescents with clinical or subclinical anxiety symptoms. The program combines six self-guided online modules with three individual videoconference sessions with a trained psychologist. It integrates core components from Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Compassion-Focused Therapy (CFT), Motivational Interviewing, and the Transtheoretical Model of Change. The intervention is tailored to the developmental stage of adolescents and is delivered remotely to participants meeting the inclusion criteria.

Study summary

Adolescents frequently experience clinical and subclinical anxiety symptoms, yet many avoid seeking professional help. While universal interventions exist to promote help-seeking, targeted programs for adolescents with elevated anxiety symptoms remain scarce. Therefore, accessible and tailored strategies are needed to effectively promote help-seeking among this group.

TOUCHminds is a web-based intervention designed to enhance help-seeking among adolescents with clinical or subclinical anxiety. The program consists of six self-guided modules featuring interactive activities (e.g., images, videos, simulation activities, and audio recordings), combined with three synchronous sessions led by a psychologist via videoconference. The intervention explicitly targets precursors of help-seeking, including mental health literacy, mental health stigma, self-compassion and readiness to change.

This research project comprises two studies. Study I, a feasibility study involving 10 adolescents aged 15 to 19, will assess recruitment procedures, dropout rates, usage patterns, therapist fidelity, acceptability, usability, satisfaction, and preliminary effects. Study II, a randomized controlled trial (RCT), intends to include 96 adolescents randomly assigned to four groups: clinical intervention, clinical control, subclinical intervention, and subclinical control. Clinical participants are those who meet diagnostic criteria for one or more anxiety disorders, whereas subclinical participants present high self-reported anxiety but no mental disorder diagnosis. Intervention effects will based on self-report assessments conducted at pre-intervention, post-intervention (9 weeks later), and at 3-month follow-up.

This research will provide evidence regarding the suitability and effectiveness of TOUCHminds in promoting help-seeking among adolescents experiencing different levels of anxiety symptoms. Findings will contribute to the field of empirically validated web-based interventions tailored specifically for adolescents.

Eligibility

Primary outcome measure(s)

• General Help-Seeking Questionnaire (GHSQ). — Administered one week before the intervention (T0), one week after completion (T1), and 3 months after completion (T2) in experimental groups (Studies I-II), and at corresponding times (9 weeks after T0 and 3 months later) in control groups (Study II).
  The GHSQ is a 12-item self-report scale that assesses adolescents' intentions to seek help for personal-emotional problems from various sources. Responses are rated on a 7-point Likert scale (1 = 'extremely unlikely' to 7 = 'extremely likely'). Its items refer to formal help (e.g., mental health professionals), semi-formal help (e.g., priests), informal help (e.g., partner), and self-help (e.g., the internet). sources. Higher scores indicate stronger intentions to seek help. The GHSQ has been adapted for use in Portugal and, despite the lack of formal psychometric studies, has been widely applied in research. For this study, the scale is further adapted to better reflect adolescents' social context. The adapted version includes formal help (e.g., psychologist), semi-formal help (e.g., teacher), informal help (e.g., friend), and self-help (e.g., online websites) sources. In addition, the original response option "I would not seek help from anyone" will be retaine.
• Adolescent Help-Seeking Behavior Scale (AHSBS). — Administered one week before the intervention (T0), one week after completion (T1), and 3 months after completion (T2) in experimental groups (Studies I-II), and at corresponding times (9 weeks after T0 and 3 months later) in control groups (Study II).
  The AHSBS is a 17-item self-report scale developed for this study to assess how often adolescents seek help for emotional or psychological difficulties. Using the same items as the adapted GHSQ, but with new instructions, participants are asked to indicate how frequently they have turned to various sources of help in recent weeks. Responses are given on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = 'never' to 5 = 'always'). Help sources are categorized into formal, semi-formal, informal, and self-help. The total score reflects overall help-seeking frequency, with sub-scores available for each category. The AHSBS is currently under study for its psychometric properties and is expected to show good internal consistency, a structure consistent with help-seeking categories (formal, informal, semi-formal, and self-help), and construct validity in relation help-seeking intentions, stigma, and well-being.

Trial sites (1)

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