Dexmedetomidine: patients will receive 1 µg/kg dexmedetomidine within 10 minutes, followed by maintenance dose throughout the surgery.
General Anesthesia (control group): patients will be operated under general anesthesia including routine protocol for these cases
Study summary
Improving pain and surgical field by using sphenopalatine ganglion block and dexmedetomidine in trans-nasal endoscopic pituitary surgery.
Eligibility
Sex
ALL
Min age
21 Years
Max age
64 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion Criteria:
* Age: between 21-64 years old.
* sex: males and females.
* Body mass index: 35 kg/m2.
* ASA Physical status: grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ.
Exclusion Criteria:
* patients receiving beta blockers, anti-coagulants and antihypertensive medications also patients receiving clonidine or benzodiazepines, neuroleptics or antidepressants two weeks prior to the study.
* Any contraindication for regional anesthesia e.g. coagulopathy, infection at site of block and hypersensitivity to any drug used in this study.
* Patients who are known to be drug addict.
Primary outcome measure(s)
Postoperative pain using VAS scale. — 24hours Pain will be assessed based on VAS scale from (1-10), as 1 is the least pain and 10 is the maximal pain possible at 2, 4, 6, 12 and 24h after surgery.
Surgical field using Average Category Scale (ACS). — 5hours Done by asking the surgeon about amount of bleeding on a scale of (0-5) as 0= no bleeding and 5= sever bleeding, every 15 min interval till the end of surgery.
This page summarises publicly available registry data for informational purposes — not medical advice. Eligibility is determined by each study team; patients should discuss participation with their clinician.
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