Low-Thoracic Epidural Anesthesia For Laparoscopic Nephrectomy.

Condition(s) studied

Investigational drug(s) / intervention(s)

Low-Thoracic Epidural Anesthesia: Under aseptic conditions and local anesthesia, an epidural catheter will be inserted using the "Prefix Epidural Anesthesia Tray" with an 18 G Tuohy needle \& a 20 G catheter at the T7-8 or T8-9 intervertebral space. The epidural catheter will be threaded leaving 3 cm within the epidural space and tapped in place. Using a mixed preparation of isobaric Bupivacaine 0.5% with Fentanyl 2 μg per ml volume, a bolus dose of 5-10 ml will then be given via the epidural catheter, followed by 5-10 ml/hr as a continuous infusion to be started 1 hour later \& continued throughout the procedure.

General Anesthesia: General anaesthesia will be induced with intra-venous administration of Fentanyl (2 μg/kg), Propofol (2 mg/kg), Atracurium (0.5 mg/kg) and Lidocaine (1 mg/kg). After tracheal intubation, balanced anaesthesia will be maintained with isoflurane in oxygen \& infusion of atracurium at a rate of 0.5 mg/kg/hr; and mechanical ventilation will be provided.

Study summary

Laparoscopic nephrectomy is a surgical technique to excise a diseased kidney. It's a minimally invasive technique, so when compared to open surgery, it can mean significantly less post-operative pain, shorter hospital stay, earlier return to work and daily life activities, a more favourable cosmetic result and outcomes similar to that of open surgery.

Recently, advanced laparoscopic surgery has targeted older and high risk patients for general anesthesia; in these patients, regional anesthesia offers several advantages with improved patient satisfaction. Compared with alternative anesthetic techniques, epidural anesthesia may reduce the risks of venous thromboembolism, myocardial infarction, bleeding complications, pneumonia, respiratory depression and renal failure.

The aim of this study is to compare the conventional general anesthetic technique to the regional anesthesia for laparoscopic nephrectomy, in modified lateral decubitus position using low-pressure pneumoperitoneum.

Eligibility

Primary outcome measure(s)

• Overall patient satisfaction. — 24 hours
  The overall degree of patients' satisfaction will be assessed using a "5-point patient satisfaction rating scale" according to Likert scale \[where: very unsatisfied=1/5, unsatisfied=2/5, neutral=3/5, satisfied=4/5, and very satisfied=5/5\].

Trial sites (1)

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