Low-intensity Focused Ultrasound Pulsation (LIFUP) for Treatment of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Inclusion Criteria: * Subjects with clinical evidence from their diagnostic evaluations of unilateral hippocampal dysfunction and epileptogenicity. * Subjects with seizures that have been refractory to treatment with at least three currently marketed antiepileptic drugs. * Subjects with epilepsy who would clearly benefit from surgical intervention. * Subjects who have been offered a non-dominant anterior-mesial temporal lobe resection as treatment for medication refractory epilepsy. Exclusion Criteria: * Subjects with a cognitive or psychiatric disorder that limits the ability to give informed consent or are unable to cooperate with the testing. * Subjects with dementia, delirium and psychotic symptoms. - Subjects with ferromagnetic materials in the head. * Subjects with severe cardiac disease, increased intracranial pressure, or a TENS unit. * Subjects who exhibit primary generalized seizures or pseudoseizures. * Subjects who have seizures secondary to drugs, alcohol, metabolic illness or progressive degenerative disease. * Subjects who have experienced status epilepticus during the 3-week baseline period prior to the operation. * Subjects (females) who are pregnant.