Transcranial Doppler and Artificial Intelligence Prediction of Postoperative Delirium in Heart Valve Surgery

Condition(s) studied

Study summary

Postoperative delirium is a frequent complication after cardiac surgery. This prospective observational study will evaluate whether cerebral blood flow velocity measured by transcranial Doppler before and during elective heart valve surgery is associated with delirium during the first five postoperative days. Bispectral index, near-infrared spectroscopy, and arterial blood gas data will also be recorded. Delirium will be assessed daily by an independent evaluator who is blinded to the intraoperative measurements and artificial intelligence predictions, using CAM-ICU for mechanically ventilated patients or the Turkish 3D-CAM for patients on the ward.

The study will also compare zero-shot delirium risk predictions from five general-purpose large language models (Claude, GPT, Gemini, Grok, and Kimi) with the blinded clinical assessments. The models will not be trained on data from the study cohort.

Eligibility

Primary outcome measure(s)

• Incidence of Postoperative Delirium — Postoperative days 1 through 5
  Postoperative delirium will be assessed once daily by an independent evaluator blinded to the intraoperative measurements and artificial intelligence predictions. CAM-ICU will be used for mechanically ventilated patients and the Turkish 3D-CAM will be used for patients on the ward. The participant-level outcome is the occurrence of at least one positive delirium assessment during the assessment period.

Trial sites (1)

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