The Effect of Bedside Yoga Intervention on Early Mobilization in Children

Condition(s) studied

Investigational drug(s) / intervention(s)

Pediatric Yoga Group: The session begins with Pranayama (breathing exercises), specifically the Bee Breath (Bhramari Pranayama), in which the child produces a prolonged humming sound resembling the letter "M" with the mouth closed, first with the ears open and then with the ears gently covered. Following the breathing exercise, yoga postures are performed using a storytelling approach. The sequence includes the Butterfly Pose, Cactus Pose, Cat-Cow Pose, Sitting Bear Pose, and Butterfly Pose again, followed by repeating the postures in reverse order. The session concludes with Shavasana (Corpse Pose), a relaxation posture maintained for 30 seconds. Finally, the child is encouraged to express gratitude to their yoga partner and to themselves for participating in the session, after which the yoga session is concluded.

Study summary

The postoperative period is a critical phase in which early mobilization can accelerate recovery and reduce the risk of complications. Early movement improves lung ventilation, thereby decreasing the likelihood of atelectasis and pneumonia, while also enhancing circulation to prevent deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Furthermore, it promotes bowel motility, reduces the risk of constipation and ileus, preserves muscle strength, and improves overall well-being. Early mobilization has also been associated with better pain control, enhanced psychological well-being, reduced complication rates, and shorter hospital stays. However, in pediatric patients, factors such as pain, anxiety, and fear may delay the mobilization process.

Yoga has emerged as a promising non-pharmacological intervention due to its combination of breathing exercises, relaxation techniques, and gentle physical movements. Previous studies have demonstrated that yoga can reduce pain perception, improve pain tolerance, alleviate stress-related symptoms, and support physical recovery in children. Evidence suggests that yoga-based interventions may contribute to pain management by promoting relaxation and reducing psychological distress. In postoperative settings, bed-based yoga exercises have been reported to facilitate musculoskeletal relaxation, improve respiratory function, decrease anxiety and stress levels, and encourage earlier mobilization. Systematic reviews have further indicated that yoga may enhance both physical and psychological recovery following surgery, particularly through its effects on pain reduction and functional rehabilitation.

Although the benefits of bed-based yoga have been documented in adult surgical populations, research focusing on pediatric surgical patients remains limited. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effect of bed-based yoga on early mobilization in pediatric surgical patients during the postoperative period. By investigating the effectiveness of this non-pharmacological intervention, the study seeks to address an important gap in the literature and contribute to evidence-based postoperative nursing care practices.

Eligibility

Primary outcome measure(s)

• Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale — Post-op Hour 8 5 min Post-Intervention 5 min Post-Mobilization
  The Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale (WB-FACES) is a visual analog scale used to assess pain intensity in both children and adults. The scale consists of six different facial expressions representing varying levels of pain intensity, scored from 0 to 10. A score of 0 indicates "no pain," whereas a score of 10 represents "the worst pain imaginable." The Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale was originally developed by Donna Wong and Connie Morain Baker in 1981 and was subsequently revised in 1983. The scale is commonly used to assess pain in children aged 3-18 years. Previous studies evaluating the scale in pediatric populations have reported that children prefer facial expression-based rating scales and find them easy to use. Furthermore, the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale has been identified as one of the most accurate methods for measuring pain intensity in children.
• Visual Analog Scale for Fatigue (VAS-F) — Post-op Hour 8 5 min Post-Intervention 5 min Post-Mobilization
  This scale is used to assess the severity of fatigue. It consists of a 10-cm horizontal line with verbal descriptors at each end and is scored from 0 to 10. A score of 0 indicates "no fatigue," whereas a score of 10 indicates "severe fatigue."

Trial sites (1)

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