Virtual Reality-Enabled Digital Storytelling

Condition(s) studied

Investigational drug(s) / intervention(s)

Virtual Reality Digital Storytelling: Participants in the intervention group will receive digital storytelling modules using virtual reality (VR) headsets once a week for four weeks, starting at 28 weeks of gestation. Each module will include three topics (2-10 minutes). After each topic, there will be a rest period followed by an interactive session. The final two modules will be administered during the NST recording, and mother and baby status will be monitored. Each module, including the interactive session, will last 45-50 minutes. Participants will receive an educational brochure after the module and will be reminded via WhatsApp.

Study summary

Current scientific literature on VR details primarily focuses on fear and anxiety during childbirth. Variables such as attachment, fear, and self-efficacy are often considered independently. Therefore, in addition to interventions focused on the prenatal period, a need arose for holistic audiovisual and technologically supported intervention models that simultaneously address multidimensional aspects of life, such as prenatal attachment, fear of childbirth, and perception of childbirth self-efficacy.

Eligibility

Primary outcome measure(s)

• Prenatal Attachment Inventory — Time Frame: Pre-test (before intervention) Time Frame: Post-test (after intervention: 36th week of pregnancy, after the fourth module)
  The Prenatal Attachment Inventory (PAI) developed by Muller (1993) is used to assess the thoughts, feelings, and states experienced by women during pregnancy and to determine their attachment to their babies during the prenatal period (Muller, 1993). The Turkish validity and reliability study of the inventory, conducted by Yılmaz and Beji (2013), consists of 21 items. Each item is a four-point Likert-type scale, ranging from 1 to 4. A minimum score of 21 and a maximum score of 84 can be obtained from the scale. Increasing scores indicate increased attachment. The scale's validity and reliability performance was found to be 0.84, with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.10.
• Wijma Childbirth Expectation/Experience Questionnaire Version A (W-DEQ-A) — Time Frame: Pre-test (before intervention) Time Frame: Post-test (after intervention: 36th week of pregnancy, after the fourth module)
  Developed by Wijma et al. (1998) to assess the level of fear of childbirth experienced by pregnant women, the scale was adapted into Turkish by Körükcü (2009). Version A of the W-DEQ is a 33-item scale. Responses are numbered from 0 to 5 and are on a six-point Likert-type scale. The minimum score is 0, and the maximum score is 165. A high total score indicates a high level of fear. In the validity and reliability study of the scale, Cronbach's Alpha was found to be 0.89 (Körükcü, 2009).
• Short Version of the Labor Self-Efficacy Scale — Time Frame: Pre-test (before intervention) Time Frame: Post-test (after intervention: 36th week of pregnancy, after the fourth module)
  The Turkish adaptation of the scale, developed to measure women's self-efficacy for childbirth, was conducted by Ersoy (2011). The scale consists of two sub-dimensions: competence and outcome expectation, and a total of 32 questions. Scores for each sub-dimension range from 16 to 160. As the score on each sub-dimension increases, the competence and outcome expectation for childbirth increases. The Likert-type scale is scored from 1 to 10. In the outcome expectation sub-dimension of the scale, 1 represents "not at all useful," and 10 represents "very useful." In the competence expectation sub-dimension, questions 1 to 13 are scored as 1 "completely confident," 10 represents "not at all confident," and the remaining questions are scored as 1 "not at all confident," and 10 represents "completely confident." The first 13 questions in the competence expectation sub-dimension of the scale are reverse-scored. The total score obtained from the scale ranges from 32 to 320. As the score on the

Trial sites (1)

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