Pose Estimation and Inertial Measurement Unit Systems for Gait Analysis in Older Adults

Condition(s) studied

Investigational drug(s) / intervention(s)

Not Related: This observational study does not involve any therapeutic intervention. Instead, all participants undergo gait analysis using two different measurement methods-2D pose estimation algorithms and an inertial measurement unit (G-Walk system)-to compare their outputs. Both assessments are performed on the same individuals under standardized conditions without altering their routine care.

Study summary

-This observational study aims to compare gait analysis performed using pose estimation algorithms with inertial measurement unit (IMU)-based gait analysis in older adults. Additionally, it aims to determine the reliability of gait analysis using pose estimation algorithms in this population.

The main questions it aims to answer are:

1. Are gait analyses using pose estimation algorithms consistent with those performed using an inertial measurement unit-based system in older adults?
2. Are gait analyses using pose estimation algorithms reliable in older adults?

Participants will take part in two measurement sessions. In the first session, they will be evaluated for inclusion criteria and general health status, and will complete gait analysis using both G-Walk (BTS Bioengineering) IMU sensors and a standard video camera simultaneously. In the second session, scheduled 1-3 days later, participants will perform only the 4-meter walking test, which will be recorded by video for pose estimation analysis.

Eligibility

Primary outcome measure(s)

• Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU)-Based Gait Analysis Parameters-Gait Speed — Baseline
  Gait analysis will be performed using the BTS G-WALK device, a validated and reliable inertial measurement unit (IMU)-based system. The device will be securely attached at the level of the S1 vertebra using a belt. Start and end points will be marked on the floor, and participants will be asked to walk a distance of 4 meters. The system will measure walking speed as meters/second.
• Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU)-Based Gait Analysis Parameters-Cadance — Baseline
  Gait analysis will be performed using the BTS G-WALK device, a validated and reliable inertial measurement unit (IMU)-based system. The device will be securely attached at the level of the S1 vertebra using a belt. Start and end points will be marked on the floor, and participants will be asked to walk a distance of 4 meters. The system will measure cadence as steps/minute.
• Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU)-Based Gait Analysis Parameters-Step Length — Baseline
  Gait analysis will be performed using the BTS G-WALK device, a validated and reliable inertial measurement unit (IMU)-based system. The device will be securely attached at the level of the S1 vertebra using a belt. Start and end points will be marked on the floor, and participants will be asked to walk a distance of 4 meters. The system will measure step length as meters.
• Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU)-Based Gait Analysis Parameters-Step Duration — Baseline
  Gait analysis will be performed using the BTS G-WALK device, a validated and reliable inertial measurement unit (IMU)-based system. The device will be securely attached at the level of the S1 vertebra using a belt. Start and end points will be marked on the floor, and participants will be asked to walk a distance of 4 meters. The system will measure step duration as seconds.
• Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU)-Based Gait Analysis Parameters-Stance Time — Baseline
  Gait analysis will be performed using the BTS G-WALK device, a validated and reliable inertial measurement unit (IMU)-based system. The device will be securely attached at the level of the S1 vertebra using a belt. Start and end points will be marked on the floor, and participants will be asked to walk a distance of 4 meters. Stance time will be measured by the system and expressed as a percentage of the gait cycle (%).
• Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU)-Based Gait Analysis Parameters-Swing Time — Baseline
  Gait analysis will be performed using the BTS G-WALK device, a validated and reliable inertial measurement unit (IMU)-based system. The device will be securely attached at the level of the S1 vertebra using a belt. Start and end points will be marked on the floor, and participants will be asked to walk a distance of 4 meters. Swing time will be measured by the system and expressed as a percentage of the gait cycle (%).
• Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU)-Based Gait Analysis Parameters-Double Support Time — Baseline
  Gait analysis will be performed using the BTS G-WALK device, a validated and reliable inertial measurement unit (IMU)-based system. The device will be securely attached at the level of the S1 vertebra using a belt. Start and end points will be marked on the floor, and participants will be asked to walk a distance of 4 meters. Double support time will be measured by the system and expressed as a percentage of the gait cycle (%).
• Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU)-Based Gait Analysis Parameters-Single Support Time — Baseline
  Gait analysis will be performed using the BTS G-WALK device, a validated and reliable inertial measurement unit (IMU)-based system. The device will be securely attached at the level of the S1 vertebra using a belt. Start and end points will be marked on the floor, and participants will be asked to walk a distance of 4 meters. Single support time will be measured by the system and expressed as a percentage of the gait cycle (%).
• Gait Analysis Using Pose Estimation Algorithms-Gait Speed — Baseline (first session) and 1-3 days after the baseline (second session)
  Video recordings captured simultaneously with the inertial measurement unit (IMU)-based gait analysis system will be processed using a pose estimation algorithm. To ensure temporal alignment with the BTS G-WALK system, the videos will be trimmed and synchronized accordingly. The YOLO 11X-Pose algorithm version 0.25 with a threshold score will be employed for pose estimation. This algorithm dynamically tracks 17 key joint points on the body diagram during gait to extract dynamic gait parameters. To allow valid comparison with the IMU-based system, the algorithm will derive gait speed as meters/second.
• Gait Analysis Using Pose Estimation Algorithms-Cadance — Baseline (first session) and 1-3 days after the baseline (second session)
  Video recordings captured simultaneously with the inertial measurement unit (IMU)-based gait analysis system will be processed using a pose estimation algorithm. To ensure temporal alignment with the BTS G-WALK system, the videos will be trimmed and synchronized accordingly. The YOLO 11X-Pose algorithm version 0.25 with a threshold score will be employed for pose estimation. This algorithm dynamically tracks 17 key joint points on the body diagram during gait to extract dynamic gait parameters. To allow valid comparison with the IMU-based system, the algorithm will derive the cadence as steps/minute.
• Gait Analysis Using Pose Estimation Algorithms-Step Length — Baseline (first session) and 1-3 days after the baseline (second session)
  Video recordings captured simultaneously with the inertial measurement unit (IMU)-based gait analysis system will be processed using a pose estimation algorithm. To ensure temporal alignment with the BTS G-WALK system, the videos will be trimmed and synchronized accordingly. The YOLO 11X-Pose algorithm version 0.25 with a threshold score will be employed for pose estimation. This algorithm dynamically tracks 17 key joint points on the body diagram during gait to extract dynamic gait parameters. To allow valid comparison with the IMU-based system, the algorithm will derive step length as meters.
• Gait Analysis Using Pose Estimation Algorithms-Step Duration — Baseline (first session) and 1-3 days after the baseline (second session)
  Video recordings captured simultaneously with the inertial measurement unit (IMU)-based gait analysis system will be processed using a pose estimation algorithm. To ensure temporal alignment with the BTS G-WALK system, the videos will be trimmed and synchronized accordingly. The YOLO 11X-Pose algorithm version 0.25 with a threshold score will be employed for pose estimation. This algorithm dynamically tracks 17 key joint points on the body diagram during gait to extract dynamic gait parameters. To allow valid comparison with the IMU-based system, the algorithm will derive the step duration as seconds.
• Gait Analysis Using Pose Estimation Algorithms-Stance Time — Baseline (first session) and 1-3 days after the baseline (second session)
  Video recordings captured simultaneously with the inertial measurement unit (IMU)-based gait analysis system will be processed using a pose estimation algorithm. To ensure temporal alignment with the BTS G-WALK system, the videos will be trimmed and synchronized accordingly. The YOLO 11X-Pose algorithm version 0.25 with a threshold score will be employed for pose estimation. This algorithm dynamically tracks 17 key joint points on the body diagram during gait to extract dynamic gait parameters. To enable valid comparisons with the IMU-based system, the algorithm will calculate stance time and express it as a percentage of the gait cycle (%).
• Gait Analysis Using Pose Estimation Algorithms-Swing Time — Baseline (first session) and 1-3 days after the baseline (second session)
  Video recordings captured simultaneously with the inertial measurement unit (IMU)-based gait analysis system will be processed using a pose estimation algorithm. To ensure temporal alignment with the BTS G-WALK system, the videos will be trimmed and synchronized accordingly. The YOLO 11X-Pose algorithm version 0.25 with a threshold score will be employed for pose estimation. This algorithm dynamically tracks 17 key joint points on the body diagram during gait to extract dynamic gait parameters. To enable valid comparisons with the IMU-based system, the algorithm will calculate swing time and express it as a percentage of the gait cycle (%).
• Gait Analysis Using Pose Estimation Algorithms-Double Support Time — Baseline (first session) and 1-3 days after the baseline (second session)
  Video recordings captured simultaneously with the inertial measurement unit (IMU)-based gait analysis system will be processed using a pose estimation algorithm. To ensure temporal alignment with the BTS G-WALK system, the videos will be trimmed and synchronized accordingly. The YOLO 11X-Pose algorithm version 0.25 with a threshold score will be employed for pose estimation. This algorithm dynamically tracks 17 key joint points on the body diagram during gait to extract dynamic gait parameters. To enable valid comparisons with the IMU-based system, the algorithm will calculate double support time and express it as a percentage of the gait cycle (%).
• Gait Analysis Using Pose Estimation Algorithms-Single Support Time — Baseline (first session) and 1-3 days after the baseline (second session)
  Video recordings captured simultaneously with the inertial measurement unit (IMU)-based gait analysis system will be processed using a pose estimation algorithm. To ensure temporal alignment with the BTS G-WALK system, the videos will be trimmed and synchronized accordingly. The YOLO 11X-Pose algorithm version 0.25 with a threshold score will be employed for pose estimation. This algorithm dynamically tracks 17 key joint points on the body diagram during gait to extract dynamic gait parameters. To enable valid comparisons with the IMU-based system, the algorithm will calculate single support time and express it as a percentage of the gait cycle (%).

Trial sites (1)

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