The Psychological Impact of Mindfulness Intervention to Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

Condition(s) studied

Investigational drug(s) / intervention(s)

mindfulness practice of body scan: Mindfulness intervention is one kind of psychological intervention. The founder of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR), Jon Kabat-Zinn, described mindfulness as \"awareness that arises through paying attention, on purpose, in the present moment, non-judgmentally\" (Kabat-Zinn, 2003). Moreover, these attitudes can be nurtured through various practices such as body scan, meditation, yoga, mindful eating, and mindful walking. Mindfulness practices are recognized for their ability to alleviate stress among athletes and enhance their recovery capabilities (Li et al., 2019). Mindfulness practice has been shown to enhance athletes\' performance (Chen et al., 2018)、 improve sleep quality (Rusch et al., 2019)，which in turn promotes emotional stability and physical recovery.

listening to light music: listening to light music asa control

Study summary

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery is a common procedure performed by orthopedic surgeons. Postoperatively, patients often experience pain, muscle tension, and concerns about their ability to return to sports. These factors influence the recovery and return to sports capabilities of ACL patients. According to research, only 64% of patients are able to recover to their pre-injury level after surgery, and the success rate for returning to competitive sports is only 56%. Psychological factors during the recovery process may explain this disparity. ACL injury is associated with anxiety, pain reaction, and emotional disorders, with fear of re-injury being the most common obstacle to returning to sports, accounting for 19%. A study by Lentz et al. (2015) also found no significant differences in pain assessments between individuals who were afraid of re-injury and those who were able to return to sports at six months and one year after surgery. This suggests that fear of pain may limit activity and increase the risk of unsuccessful return to sports.

Mindfulness intervention is a psychological approach that involves non-judgmental awareness and focus on moment to moment. Mindfulness practice is known to reduce stress in athletes, promote recovery, enhance athletic performance, and improve sleep quality. Good sleep quality contributes to emotional stability and physical recovery. Even short daytime naps can be beneficial for athletes. A review of 37 studies of moderate quality found that daytime napping can improve physical and cognitive performance, psychological state, and nighttime sleep.

Therefore, investigators hypothesize that integrating mindfulness practice into daytime napping may lead to improved spirit upon waking, reduce sleep inertia, and over time, potentially increase the rate of return to sports after ACL reconstruction.

Eligibility

Primary outcome measure(s)

• Electroencephalogram (EEG) — 5 times in one month after ACL reconstruction
  Electroencephalogram (EEG) is used to monitors patient's brain activities
• Electrooculography (EOG) — 5 times in one month after ACL reconstruction
  Electrooculography (EOG) is a technique for measuring the movements of the human eyes. This helps to determine when REM sleep occurs, of which rapid eye movements are characteristic, and also essentially aids in determining when sleep occurs.
• Electromyography (EMG) — 5 times in one month after ACL reconstruction
  Electromyography (EMG) is for evaluating and recording the electrical activity produced by skeletal muscles, uses four electrodes to measure muscle tension in the body as well as to monitor for an excessive amount of leg movements during sleep. Which are placed on patient's chim, R.anterior tibialis and L.anterior tibialis.
• ECG (Electrocardiography) — 5 times in one month after ACL reconstruction
  ECG (Electrocardiography) measure the electrical activity of the heart.
• Nasal/Oral airflow — 5 times in one month after ACL reconstruction
  Nasal/Oral airflow measured using pressure transducers, and/or a thermocouple, fitted in or near the nostrils
• Thermistor — 5 times in one month after ACL reconstruction
  Thermistors are composed of a material that changes electrical resistance when exposed to temperature changes. As with the thermocouple, the temperature changes are sampled under a patient's nose or in front of the mouth.
• Chest and abdominal belt — 5 times in one month after ACL reconstruction
  Chest and abdominal belt measured in concert with nasal/oral airflow by the use of belts. These belts expand and contract upon breathing effort.
• Oximetry — 5 times in one month after ACL reconstruction
  Oximetry determines changes in blood oxygen levels which fits over a fingertip.
• Snoring — 5 times in one month after ACL reconstruction
  Snoring and other noises. recorded with a sound probe over the neck.

Trial sites (1)

More Chang Gung Memorial Hospital trials in Taiwan