Action Observation Therapy in Children With Spastic Diplegia

Condition(s) studied

Investigational drug(s) / intervention(s)

A selected physical therapy program: Participants will receive a conventional physical therapy program, 3 sessions per week for 3 months. The program will include approximation exercises, balance training, functional activities (sit-to-stand, squatting, stair climbing), gait training with obstacles, walking exercises on different surfaces, and stretching exercises for the upper and lower limbs. The intervention aims to improve balance, mobility, coordination, and functional performance.

Live action observation training (AOT): Participants will receive live AOT for 30 minutes, 3 times per week, for 3 months. Each task will involve 3 minutes of observing the therapist performing the activity, followed by 3 minutes of verbal guidance and 3 minutes of task execution by the child. A 1-minute rest period will be provided between tasks.

Video action observation training (AOT): Participants will receive video-based AOT for 30 minutes, 3 times per week, for 3 months. They will observe task demonstrations presented on a computer screen from multiple viewing angles, followed by guided practice and task performance, similar to the live AOT protocol.

Study summary

The aim of this study is to compare the effect of live versus video action observation training (AOT) on balance and gait in children with spastic diplegia.

Eligibility

Primary outcome measure(s)

• Overall Stability Index (OSI) — 3 months
  It will be assessed using the Biodex Balance System. Participants will stand on a dynamic platform at stability level 5 for three 30-second trials. The Overall Stability Index (OSI) will be recorded as a measure of postural stability in all directions. Lower OSI values indicate better balance control and greater postural stability.
• Anteroposterior Stability Index (APSI) — 3 months
  It will be measured using the Biodex Balance System during dynamic balance testing. APSI reflects the participant's ability to maintain balance in the forward and backward directions. Lower APSI scores indicate improved anteroposterior postural control.
• Mediolateral Stability Index (MLSI) — 3 months
  It will be assessed using the Biodex Balance System. MLSI evaluates the participant's ability to control balance in the side-to-side direction during dynamic standing. Lower MLSI values indicate better mediolateral stability and balance performance.

Trial sites (1)

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