Renal Biopsy: Renal biopsy is performed to clarify the renal pathology.
Study summary
Given that the treatment strategy for adolescent PNS has a significant impact on growth and development, but there are few cases and a lack of clinical research, this study plans to collaborate with several domestic top-tier children's nephrology centers to conduct a retrospective real-world study of adolescent PNS. The aim is to understand the current diagnosis and treatment status of adolescent PNS and compare the advantages and disadvantages of various therapies, in order to provide a more scientific, rational, and effective treatment plan for adolescent PNS.
Eligibility
Sex
ALL
Min age
10 Years
Max age
18 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion Criteria:
1. Clinical diagnosis met the criteria for PNS from January 2014 to December 2023 (①Nephrotic-range proteinuria: 24-h urine protein ≥50 mg/kg or morning urine protein/creatinine (mg/mg) ≥2.0, three consecutive morning urine protein tests (＋＋＋) to (＋＋＋＋) within 1 week. ②Hypoproteinemia: serum albumin \<25 g/L. ③Hyperlipidemia: serum cholesterol \>5.7 mmol/L. ④Edema to varying degrees. Among the above four criteria, 1 and 2 are essential for diagnosis.);
2. Regular follow-up for at least 1 year;
3. Compliance with the requirements of the revised Helsinki Declaration of 2013, with informed consent obtained from patients and their families.
Exclusion Criteria:
1. Nephrotic syndrome secondary to other diseases;
2. Patients requiring dialysis or after kidney transplantation;
3. Presence of genetic defects or hereditary metabolic diseases;
4. Concurrent with severe primary diseases such as cardiovascular, liver, brain, hematopoietic system diseases, or mental disorders;
5. Incomplete clinical data.
Primary outcome measure(s)
The number of relapses of proteinuria — From the start of treatment to 1 year and 2 years. The total number of proteinuria relapses in patients within 2 years of treatment is counted.
A 50% decline in kidney function — At 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years of treatment. Calculate the proportion of patients with a greater than 50% decline in kidney function at 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years of treatment.
Relapse-free rate of proteinuria after treatment — At 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years after treatment initiation. The proportion of participants who remain free of proteinuria relapse after initial treatment, assessed by urine analysis and clinical evaluation.
Incidence of steroid resistance after treatment — At 4 weeks after treatment initiation. The proportion of participants who do not achieve remission with standard steroid therapy, assessed clinically and by laboratory evaluation.
This page summarises publicly available registry data for informational purposes — not medical advice. Eligibility is determined by each study team; patients should discuss participation with their clinician.
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