THE EFFECT OF A TRANSTHEORETICAL MODEL-BASED CHATBOT SUPPORT INTERVENTION ON SMOKING BEHAVIOR IN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

Condition(s) studied

Investigational drug(s) / intervention(s)

Dumansız (Transtheoretical Model-Based Chatbot Support Intervention): "Dumansız" is a six-week, Transtheoretical Model (TTM)-based chatbot support intervention delivered via Telegram. The chatbot is scenario-based, semi-interactive, and rule-based; it does not use artificial intelligence or analyze free-text responses. Standardized responses are provided through predefined message flows and response options. Content is tailored to participants in the precontemplation, contemplation, or preparation stage of change. The intervention includes one interactive text-based session (approximately 5-10 minutes) and two brief informational or motivational messages per week, which may include text, videos, or educational materials. Stage of change is reassessed every two weeks, and message flows are adjusted when a participant's stage changes. The intervention draws on TTM processes of change and uses communication principles and techniques from motivational interviewing to support awareness, motivation, decisional balance, and self-efficacy.

Study summary

The purpose of this clinical trial is to examine the impact of a chatbot-supported intervention based on the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) on smoking behavior, self-efficacy, decisional balance, and the urge to smoke among university students. The main questions it aims to answer are:

* Does the chatbot-based support intervention, grounded in the Transtheoretical Model (TTM), have an effect on smoking behavior?
* Does the chatbot-based support intervention, grounded in the Transtheoretical Model (TTM), have an effect on self-efficacy levels?
* Does the chatbot-based support intervention, grounded in the Transtheoretical Model (TTM), have an effect on decisional balance?
* Does the chatbot-based support intervention, grounded in the Transtheoretical Model (TTM), have an effect on the urge to smoke? The researchers will compare the experimental group with a group that received no intervention to determine whether the chatbot is effective in influencing smoking behavior.

Participants will:

* Complete the preliminary assessment questionnaire.
* If you are in the experimental group, access the Telegram chatbot via the provided link and exchange messages with the bot once a week for a total of 6 weeks (each session will take approximately 10 minutes). Additionally, read the informational messages sent twice a week and try to incorporate the suggestions into your daily life.
* Complete the follow-up questionnaires that will be sent after 6 weeks and again after 3 months.

Eligibility

Primary outcome measure(s)

• Proportion of Participants Reporting Smoking Cessation at Week 6 — At baseline, immediately after the six-week intervention (Week 6)
  Smoking cessation status will be assessed by participant self-report. The outcome is the proportion of participants who report having stopped smoking cigarettes at Week 6, compared between the intervention and control groups.
• Change in Stage of Change for Smoking Cessation from Baseline to Week 6 — Baseline and Week 6
  Stage of change will be assessed using the Stage of Change Questionnaire based on the Transtheoretical Model. Participants will be classified into precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, or maintenance. Change in stage from baseline to Week 6 will be evaluated and compared between the intervention and control groups.
• Proportion of Participants Reporting Smoking Cessation at 3 Months After the 6-Week Intervention — Baseline and 3 Months After the 6-Week Intervention
  The proportion of participants who report having stopped smoking 3 months after completion of the 6-week intervention.
• Change in Stage of Change for Smoking Cessation from Baseline to 3 Months After the 6-Week Intervention — Baseline and 3 months after completion of the 6-week intervention
  Change in participants' stage of change for smoking cessation, classified as precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, or maintenance, from baseline to 3 months after completion of the 6-week intervention.

Trial sites (1)

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