Weighted-Vest Versus Bodyweight Plyometric Training in Youth Female Soccer Players

Condition(s) studied

Investigational drug(s) / intervention(s)

Body-Weight Plyometrics: A structured plyometric training program performed twice a week for six weeks. Exercises include various jumps and bounds using only the participant's body weight. Each session lasts approximately 30 minutes.

Additional Loaded Plyometric: A structured plyometric training program performed twice a week for six weeks. Participants will wear a weighted vest equivalent to 10% of their body weight during the exercises. Each session lasts approximately 30 minutes.

Routine Football Training: Participants in this group will continue to perform their standard, routine football training sessions. They will not receive any additional or structured plyometric training program during the intervention period.

Study summary

Lower extremity strength, explosive power, dynamic balance and functional movement quality are important determinants of performance and injury prevention in soccer. This study compares the effects of bodyweight plyometric training and weighted-vest plyometric training on athletic performance in young female soccer players. Participants are randomly assigned to three groups: Bodyweight Plyometric Training (BW-PT), Weighted-Vest Plyometric Training (EL-PT; vest equal to 10% of body weight) and Control (CG; routine soccer training only). The interventions are performed twice a week for 6 weeks. Isokinetic knee extensor and flexor strength (60°/s and 120°/s), jumping performance (standing long jump, countermovement jump height and 15-second repeated jump test), functional movement (Functional Movement Screen) and dynamic balance (Y-Balance Test) are assessed before and immediately after the training period. The originally planned 4-week detraining follow-up was cancelled before data analysis because it could not be completed within the funding period of the project.

Eligibility

Primary outcome measure(s)

• Absolute Peak Torque (APT) of Knee Extensors and Flexors — Baseline (Week 0) and immediately post-training (Week 6)
  Concentric isokinetic absolute peak torque (APT) of the knee extensors and flexors (dominant leg) will be evaluated at 60°/s and 120°/s angular velocities using a Cybex Humac Norm dynamometer during 5 maximal repetitions. (Unit of measure: Nm)
• Relative Peak Torque (RPT) of Knee Extensors and Flexors — Baseline (Week 0) and immediately post-training (Week 6)
  Concentric isokinetic relative peak torque (RPT) of the knee extensors and flexors (dominant leg) will be evaluated at 60°/s and 120°/s angular velocities using a Cybex Humac Norm dynamometer during 5 maximal repetitions. (Unit of measure: Nm/kg)
• Time to Peak Torque (TPT) of Knee Extensors and Flexors — Baseline (Week 0) and immediately post-training (Week 6)
  Concentric isokinetic time to peak torque (TPT) of the knee extensors and flexors (dominant leg) will be evaluated at 60°/s and 120°/s angular velocities using a Cybex Humac Norm dynamometer during 5 maximal repetitions. (Unit of measure: milliseconds)
• Average Peak Torque (AvPT) of Knee Extensors and Flexors — Baseline (Week 0) and immediately post-training (Week 6)
  Concentric isokinetic average peak torque (AvPT) of the knee extensors and flexors (dominant leg) will be evaluated at 60°/s and 120°/s angular velocities using a Cybex Humac Norm dynamometer during 5 maximal repetitions. (Unit of measure: Nm)
• Average Rate of Force Development (AvRFD) of Knee Extensors and Flexors — Baseline (Week 0) and immediately post-training (Week 6)
  Concentric isokinetic average rate of force development (AvRFD) of the knee extensors and flexors (dominant leg) will be evaluated at 60°/s and 120°/s angular velocities using a Cybex Humac Norm dynamometer during 5 maximal repetitions. (Unit of measure: Nm/s)
• Vertical Jump Height (VJH) — Baseline (Week 0) and immediately post-training (Week 6)
  Vertical jump height calculated from flight time will be evaluated using an electronic contact mat system (Fusion SmartJump, Fusion Sport, Australia). Participants will perform a countermovement jump without arm swing. The best value from 3 repetitions, separated by 1-minute rest intervals, will be recorded. (Unit of measure: cm)
• Standing Long Jump (SLJ) Distance — Baseline (Week 0) and immediately post-training (Week 6)
  Horizontal jump distance will be assessed. Participants will perform a maximum distance jump with two feet from behind a starting line. The best value from 3 repetitions will be recorded. (Unit of measure: cm)
• 15-Second Repeated Jump Test: Average Power (RJ15s-AP) — Baseline (Week 0) and immediately post-training (Week 6)
  Average power (RJ15s-AP) will be evaluated during 15 seconds of continuous maximal vertical jumps using an electronic contact mat system (Fusion SmartJump, Fusion Sport, Australia). Participants will jump with hands on hips and an upright trunk. The value is calculated using the Bosco equation. (Unit of Measure: W)
• 15-Second Repeated Jump Test: Flight Time (RJ15s-FT) — Baseline (Week 0) and immediately post-training (Week 6)
  Flight time (RJ15s-FT) will be evaluated during 15 seconds of continuous maximal vertical jumps using an electronic contact mat system (Fusion SmartJump, Fusion Sport, Australia). Participants will jump with hands on hips and an upright trunk. The value is calculated using the Bosco equation. (Unit of Measure: ms)
• 15-Second Repeated Jump Test: Number of Jumps (N-RJ15s) — Baseline (Week 0) and immediately post-training (Week 6)
  The number of jumps (N-RJ15s) will be evaluated during 15 seconds of continuous maximal vertical jumps using an electronic contact mat system (Fusion SmartJump, Fusion Sport, Australia). Participants will jump with hands on hips and an upright trunk. (Unit of Measure: Count)

Trial sites (1)

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