Manual diaphragm release: In addition to spinal stabilization exercises, patients will perform diaphragmatic relaxation exercises three days a week for eight weeks.
Control: Patients will undergo spinal stabilization exercises three times a week for eight weeks.
Study summary
Low back pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders, significantly affecting the quality of life of individuals. In non-specific low back pain, a lack of stabilization in the core region negatively impacts the performance of activities. The diaphragm forms the framework of the core region, and its dysfunction can contribute to both respiratory problems and low back pain. This study will investigate the effects of diaphragm relaxation, added to spinal stabilization exercises, on pain, disability, quality of life, central sensitization, and trunk muscle endurance.
Eligibility
Sex
ALL
Min age
18 Years
Max age
65 Years
Healthy volunteers
Accepted
Inclusion Criteria:
* Being between 18-65 years of age
* Having been diagnosed with chronic non-specific lower back pain (pain between the gluteal folds and the 12th ribs lasting at least 12 weeks and without a known pathoanatomical cause)
* Being willing to participate in the study
Exclusion Criteria:
* Psychological disorders, mental disorders, cancer, and severe depression
* History of primary or metastatic spinal malignancy or spinal fracture
* Neurological disease (Hemiplegia, Multiple Sclerosis, Parkinson's, etc.)
* Having been diagnosed with advanced osteoporosis
* Having undergone previous surgery or had an acute infection in the lumbar region
Primary outcome measure(s)
Pain severity — Baseline, After intervention (eight week later) The severity of back pain will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Patients choose the appropriate score between 0 and 10. Higher scores indicate higher pain levels.
Central sensitization — Baseline, After intervention (eight week later) Central sensitization will be assessed with the "Central Sensitization Scale". The total score range is between 0-100 points. As the score increases, sensitization increases and 40 points and above are considered higher sensitization.
Disability levels — Baseline, After intervention (eight week later) Disability will be measured by the Oswestry Disability Index. The total score ranges from 0-100 and the higher the score, the higher the level of disability.
Quality of life level — Baseline, After intervention (eight week later) In the SF-36 quality of life assessment, each sub-parameter is scored on a scale of 0. 0 is the lowest score and 100 is the highest.
Trunk muscle endurance — Baseline, After intervention (eight week later) The endurance of the trunk flexor and extensor muscles will be evaluated. Increasing the duration of the test indicates an increase in endurance.
Trial sites (1)
Facility
City
Region
Status
Karabuk University, Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Application and Research Center
This page summarises publicly available registry data for informational purposes — not medical advice. Eligibility is determined by each study team; patients should discuss participation with their clinician.
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