Effects of Combined Training Protocol in Volleyball Players

Condition(s) studied

Investigational drug(s) / intervention(s)

Pliometric Training: The full intervention program will cover 12 weeks in the season. Prior to training, players will be instructed to warm-up for ten minutes with general running exercises and dynamic stretching. The plyometric training intervention will consist of 5 exercises performed in the following order: Leap forward and backward on the line, leap sideways on the line, double leg knee to chest, split squat jump, and squat jump (Bavli, 2012). A volleyball coach will monitor the whole training.

Jump Rope Training: The entire intervention program will last for 12 weeks during the season. Before training, players will be instructed to warm up with general running exercises and dynamic stretching for ten minutes. The jump rope intervention will consist of 5 exercises performed in the following order: basic jump step, double leg double jump, double leg jump left and right, double leg jump forward and backward, and scissor steps (Trecroci et al., 2015). Each exercise will be performed by all participants using a jump rope with the same characteristics in terms of weight (e.g. 230g), length (e.g. shoulder size) and material (e.g. PVC, Polyvinyl Chloride). A metronome speed of 120 beats per minute will be used to ensure equal exercise intensity in both exercise programs Furthermore, a volleyball coach will monitor the entire workout.

Small Sided Games: More complex, skill-based conditioning exercises for volleyball are small-sided games (2v2, 3v3) and competition drills (6v6). Although the duration of each rally in these drills is not controlled by the coach, the total duration of the drill will be recorded to aid in-session and inter-session planning. Total repetitions will be easily measured by adding up the total points played in the rally and then multiplying by the number of rallies per point. The coach will create an emotionally intense environment by applying a scoring system (e.g. team winning 2 out of 3 rallies gets 1 big point, 5 seconds rest) and encouraging the players (Trajkovic et al., 2012).

Study summary

The 12-week training will take place during the preparation period. At the beginning and end of the 12-week period, vertical jump test, 60 seconds countermovement jump (CMJ) test, change of direction (T-Agility) test, sprint test, YO-YO (level-1) test will be applied in terms of performance test. In terms of skill testing, service test and spiking test protocols will be applied. Players will perform plyometric (PL) or jump rope (JR) training with the same amount of total training time in each training session. Rating of perceived exertion (RPE) will be obtained using (CR6-20). All players will also complete the short form of the physical activity enjoyment scale (PACES).

Eligibility

Primary outcome measure(s)

• Vertical Jump — From baseline assessment to 12 week follow-up assessment]
  Change in vertical jump (cm) is expected from baseline assessment to 12-week follow-up assessment
• 60s Countermovement Jump — From baseline assessment to 12 week follow-up assessment
  Change in countermovement jump (watts/kg) is expected from the baseline assessment to the 12-week follow-up assessment..
• Change of Direction — From baseline assessment to 12 week follow-up assessment]
  Changes in change of direction times (sec) are expected from the baseline assessment to the 12-week follow-up assessment.
• Sprint — From baseline assessment to 12 week follow-up assessment
  Change in Sprint (km/h) is expected from the baseline assessment to the 12-week follow-up assessment.
• Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 — From baseline assessment to 12 week follow-up assessment
  A change in VO2max values from the baseline assessment to the 12-week follow-up assessment is expected.
• Service — From baseline assessment to 12 week follow-up assessment
  A change in service test values from the baseline assessment to the 12-week follow-up assessment is expected.
• Spiking — From baseline assessment to 12 week follow-up assessment
  A change in spiking test values is expected from the baseline assessment to the 12-week follow-up assessment.
• Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) — From baseline assessment to 12 week follow-up assessment
  Changes in Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) are expected from the baseline assessment to the 12-week follow-up assessment. The scale has a range of 6-20 (CR20). Athletes will indicate whether they do not find exercise difficult (6) or find it difficult (20).
• PAGES — From baseline assessment to 12 week follow-up assessment
  Changes are expected in the Enjoyment of physical activity scale (PACES) from the baseline assessment to the 12-week follow-up assessment. The scale consists of 8 questions with a score range of 1-7. Athletes will indicate whether they do not enjoy exercise (1) or enjoy it (7).

Trial sites (1)

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