Patient-Specific 3D Action Observation Training in Parkinson's Disease

Condition(s) studied

Investigational drug(s) / intervention(s)

Patient-Specific VR Action Observation Training: Participants will receive immersive VR action observation training using their own 3D motion recordings captured with an Insta360 camera (Arashi Vision Inc., Shenzhen, China). In Parkinson's patients, only the initial movement sequences without bradykinetic slowing will be selected, and these will be extended to the desired duration using loop playback or ping-pong loop playback in the device's proprietary software. The action observation protocol will consist of the following one-minute tasks: (1) total finger abduction and adduction, (2) fist making and opening, (3) wrist flexion and extension, (4) forearm pronation and supination, and (5) rhythmic striking of the dorsal and palmar surfaces of one hand against the palm of the other. A 1-minute rest will be given between each video. Training will be provided in addition to conventional therapy (35 minutes, 3 days per week for 6 weeks) tailored to individual needs.

Healthy-Model VR Action Observation Training: Participants will receive immersive VR action observation training using 3D video recordings of the same activities performed by healthy individuals, captured with an Insta360 camera (Arashi Vision Inc., Shenzhen, China). Recordings will not require editing or adjustments. The action observation protocol will consist of the same one-minute tasks: (1) total finger abduction and adduction, (2) fist making and opening, (3) wrist flexion and extension, (4) forearm pronation and supination, and (5) rhythmic striking of the dorsal and palmar surfaces of one hand against the palm of the other. A 1-minute rest will be given between each video. Training will be provided in addition to conventional therapy (35 minutes, 3 days per week for 6 weeks) tailored to individual needs.

Study summary

Although studies exist demonstrating the effects of single-session action observation training on bradykinesia in patients with Parkinson's disease, research investigating the long-term application of such training remains limited. Furthermore, the broader literature indicates that action observation training has typically been conducted in simulated environments or by using recordings obtained from healthy individuals. The aim of the present study is to examine the effects of action observation training, delivered in a fully immersive virtual reality environment using each patient's own 3D motion recordings, on bradykinesia and other disease-related parameters.

Eligibility

Primary outcome measure(s)

• Spontaneous Movement Rate (SMR — At baseline and after completion of 6-week intervention period
  In this study, kinematic parameters of finger movements will be determined from video recordings. A commercial motion analysis software will be used to extract the coordinates of manually marked tracking points, which will then be transferred into tabular form for analysis. To improve the accuracy of marking and tracking, participants will wear fingertip gloves in different colors.The spontaneous movement rate will be calculated from video-recorded finger-tapping tasks. Each cycle consists of a touch duration (TD) and an inter-tapping interval (ITI). SMR will be defined as the inverse of the total duration of one tapping cycle (TD + ITI) and expressed in Hertz (Hz).

Trial sites (1)

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