In this study, a telepharmacy service in primary care for home-living older adults in Northern Sweden's rural areas will be developed and evaluated. The primary objective is to evaluate the effect of the service regarding the identification, classification, and resolution of medication-related problems (MRPs). Secondary objectives are to evaluate participants' medication adherence, health-related quality of life, and beliefs about medicines through self-report questionnaires. The telepharmacy service include medication interviews, structured medication reviews, interdisciplinary patient-centred discussions, and follow-ups.
Eligibility
Sex
ALL
Min age
65 Years
Max age
—
Healthy volunteers
Accepted
Inclusion Criteria:
* Using five or more prescribed medications and/or considered as a potential candidate by the primary care physician.
* Living at home (i.e not in a nursing home)
* Registered at primary healthcare centres in rural municipalities within Västerbotten County (and neighbouring counties if necessary)
Exclusion Criteria:
* Do not speak Swedish
* Unable to communicate
* Has a confirmed major neurocognitive disorder
* Receives palliative care
Primary outcome measure(s)
Identification and classfication of medication-related problems — The 12-week intervention period Classification of mediation-related problems according to a modified version of the classification system by Cipolle et al (1998).
Resolution of medication-related problems — 12-week intervention period The clinical pharmacists' recommendations to resolve medication-related problems will be classified according to a modified version of a system developed by the French Society of Clinical pharmacy. Physicians' acceptance rate of pharmacists' recommendations will be classified. The acceptance rate will be classified as accepted recommendation, rejected recommendation, or unknown.
Intra-individual change in self-reported medication adherence: Medication Adherence Report Scale-5 (MARS-5) — Baseline and 12 weeks Assessing self-reported medication adherence through the MARS-5 questionnaire. Total score ranging between 5 and 25, with higher scores indicating a higher level of medication adherence.
Intra-individual change in self-reported health-related quality of life: EuroQol-5 Dimension-5 Level questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L) — Baseline and 12 weeks Assessing health-related quality of life through the EQ-5D-5L-questionnaire. The questionnaire consists of five questions regarding self-perceived quality of life, and a visual analogue scale on which the respondents evaluate their own health status on a scale of 0-100.
Intra-individual change in self-reported beliefs about medicines: The Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ) — Baseline and 12 weeks Assessing beliefs about medicines through the BMQ. The questionnaire consists of two different scales; BMQ-General assesses the respondent's beliefs about medicines in general and BMQ-Specific evaluates the individual's beliefs about medicines prescribed for their own use.
This page summarises publicly available registry data for informational purposes — not medical advice. Eligibility is determined by each study team; patients should discuss participation with their clinician.
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