Cardiac Function in Swimming-Induced Pulmonary Edema (SIPE)

Condition(s) studied

Investigational drug(s) / intervention(s)

Echocardiography: Echocardiography after swimming (acute) and at rest (baseline)

Electrocardiogram (ECG): Electrocardiogram (ECG) after swimming (acute) and at rest (baseline)

Cardiac biomarkers: high sensitive (hs)-Troponin I and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP) after swimming (acute) and at rest (baseline)

Study summary

Acute or chronic cardiac dysfunction could be a contributing factor to swimming-induced pulmonary edema (SIPE). Knowledge on cardiac function in SIPE is limited and recommendations for cardiac evaluation of patients with SIPE are lacking. The present study was designed to assess cardiac function in patients with SIPE and in asymptomatic swimmers.

Eligibility

Primary outcome measure(s)

• Acute Echocardiography — within 4 hours after termination of swimming
  Transthoracic echocardiography with parasternal, apical and subcostal views. Including measurement of ventricular wall size, left ventricular strain, ejection fraction according to the modified Simpson method, diastolic function (using tissue doppler, mitral flow and pulmonary vein flow), right ventricular tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), pressure gradient over the tricuspid valve, assessment of valve dysfunction, size and respiratory variation of the inferior vena cava, assessment of pericardial fluid.
• Acute Electrocardiogram (ECG) - Rytm analysis — within 4 hours after termination of swimming
  12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG). Rytm analysis and frequency (beats per minute)
• Acute Electrocardiogram (ECG) - Heart axis — within 4 hours after termination of swimming
  12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG). Assessment of QRS-axis (degrees)
• Acute Electrocardiogram (ECG) - Amplitudes and intervals — within 4 hours after termination of swimming
  12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG). Duration of PQ-interval (ms), QRS-complex (ms), QT-interval (ms), QRS amplitude (mV)
• Acute Electrocardiogram (ECG) - Signs of myocardial ischemia — within 4 hours after termination of swimming
  12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG). ST-elevation, ST-depression, T-wave inversion, Q wave.
• Acute cardiac biomarkers - Troponin I — 4-6 hours after termination of swimming
  Venous samples. Measurement of hs-Troponin I (ng/L).
• Acute cardiac biomarkers - NT-pro-BNP — 4-6 hours after termination of swimming
  Venous samples. Measurement of NT-pro-BNP (ng/L)

Trial sites (1)

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