Feasibility of Ethanolization of Vein of Marshall With Specific Catheter in Atrial Fibrillation Ablation

Inclusion Criteria: * Suitable candidate for catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation defined as: * history of symptomatic persistent atrial fibrillation * Redo procedure for persistent AF or paroxysmal AF with isolated PV and no history of ethanol infusion in the VOM. * Age \> 18 years of both genders * Patient affiliated or beneficiary of social security scheme * Free, informed and written consent signed by the participant and the principal investigator (at least at the inclusion date and before all exams required for the clinical research) * Effective contraception for women of childbearing potential Exclusion Criteria: * Minor * Documented left atrial thrombus or another abnormality which precludes catheter introduction * Contraindication to anticoagulation therapy (heparin, warfarin, or novel oral anticoagulant \[NOAC\] * Contraindication to iodinated contrast product XENETIX® (iobitridol hypersensivity or at one of these excipients, history of major immediate reaction or cutaneous reaction to XENETIX® infusion, thyrotoxicosis) * Hypersensitivity to ethanol * Unstable angina or ongoing myocardial ischemia * Myocardial infarction within 3 months prior to inclusion * Congenital heart disease, where the underlying abnormality increases the ablation risk * Severe bleeding, clotting or thrombotic disorder * Pregnant, parturient or nursing women * Unable or unwilling to provide written informed consent * Patient detained by judicial or administrative order * Patient under psychiatric care * Patient admitted in a social or healthcare establishment for any purpose other than the research * Subject to a legal protection order (guardianship, patient under legal protection)