Virgin Coconut Oil Versus Chlorhexidine Mouthwash in Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy of Periodontitis Patients. A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial With Biochemical Assessment.

Condition(s) studied

Investigational drug(s) / intervention(s)

Non-surgical periodontal therapy: Full-mouth supra- and subgingival scaling and root planing will be performed as part of phase I periodontal therapy.

Chlorhexidine mouthwash: Chlorhexidine mouthwash will be used as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy according to the assigned treatment protocol.

Virgin coconut oil mouthwash: Virgin coconut oil mouthwash will be used as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy according to the assigned treatment protocol.

Study summary

This randomized controlled clinical trial will evaluate the effect of virgin coconut oil mouthwash compared with chlorhexidine mouthwash as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy in patients with stage II periodontitis. Participants will receive scaling and root planing, followed by the assigned mouthwash for 30 days. Clinical periodontal parameters, including plaque index, gingival index, bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth, and clinical attachment level, will be recorded. Gingival crevicular fluid samples will also be collected to assess tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels before and after mouthwash use. The study aims to compare the clinical and biochemical effects of the two mouthwashes.

Eligibility

Primary outcome measure(s)

• Clinical attachment level(CAL) — From baseline (48 hours after non-surgical periodontal therapy) to 4 weeks after mouthwash use.
  Clinical attachment level (CAL) will be measured in millimeters from the cementoenamel junction to the base of the periodontal pocket using a manual Michigan O periodontal probe with Williams markings. Measurements will be recorded at six sites per tooth for all teeth, excluding third molars. The mean CAL value will be calculated and recorded for each patient.
• Periodontal pocket depth(PPD) — From baseline (48 hours after non-surgical periodontal therapy) to 4 weeks after mouthwash use
  Periodontal pocket depth (PPD) will be measured in millimeters from the gingival margin to the base of the periodontal pocket using a manual Michigan O periodontal probe with Williams markings. Measurements will be recorded at six sites per tooth for all teeth, excluding third molars. The mean PPD value will be calculated and recorded for each patient.
• Plaque Index(PI) — From baseline (48 hours after non-surgical periodontal therapy) to 4 weeks after mouthwash use
  Plaque index (PI) will be assessed on the buccal and lingual surfaces of all teeth using a standardized 0-3 clinical scoring system. The mean PI score will be calculated and recorded for each patient. Surfaces with PI scores of 1, 2, or 3 will also be considered plaque-positive, and the percentage of plaque-positive surfaces will be calculated.
• Gingival index(GI) — From baseline (48 hours after non-surgical periodontal therapy) to 4 weeks after mouthwash use
  Gingival index (GI) will be assessed on the buccal and lingual surfaces of all teeth using a standardized 0-3 clinical scoring system. The mean GI score will be calculated and recorded for each patient. Surfaces with GI scores of 1, 2, or 3 will also be considered inflammation-positive, and the percentage of inflammation-positive surfaces will be calculated.
• Sulcus bleeding index (SBI) — From baseline (48 hours after non-surgical periodontal therapy) to 4 weeks after mouthwash use
  Sulcus bleeding index (SBI) will be assessed after gentle probing of the gingival sulcus using a standardized 0-3 clinical scoring system. The mean SBI score will be calculated and recorded for each patient. Sites with SBI scores of 1, 2, or 3 will also be considered bleeding-positive, and the percentage of bleeding-positive sites will be calculated.

Trial sites (1)

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