ExMI vs. Biofeedback PFMT for Post-Prostatectomy Incontinence

Inclusion Criteria: * Male patients aged ≥50 years * Diagnosed with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) requiring surgical intervention * Scheduled for Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate (HoLEP) or Bipolar Enucleation of the Prostate (BipoLEP) * Development of postoperative stress-predominant urinary incontinence after catheter removal * Presence of postoperative urinary leakage requiring at least one safety pad/day * Ability to understand and perform pelvic floor muscle training instructions * Ability and willingness to attend extracorporeal magnetic stimulation sessions and follow-up visits Exclusion Criteria: * Preoperative urinary incontinence or neurogenic bladder dysfunction * Previous prostate surgery or prior anti-incontinence surgery * Urethral stricture disease or bladder neck contracture * Active urinary tract infection at the time of enrollment * Severe cognitive impairment preventing compliance with PFMT instructions * Neurological disorders affecting lower urinary tract function, including Parkinson disease, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, or cerebrovascular stroke with residual deficits * Implanted electronic or metallic devices contraindicating magnetic stimulation, including cardiac pacemaker, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, neurostimulators, or cochlear implants * Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus with severe neuropathy * Receiving concurrent therapies for urinary incontinence during the study period * Persistent postoperative complications requiring reintervention (e.g., severe hematuria, clot retention) * Inability or refusal to complete follow-up evaluations