The aim of this study is to examine in detail the ultrasonographic characteristics of the vastus medialis obliquus and vastus medialis longus muscles in individuals with patellofemoral pain syndrome and to compare these findings with those of healthy individuals. It is anticipated that the results obtained will contribute to a better understanding of the muscle-based mechanisms of PFAS and provide a scientific basis for the development of muscle-specific assessment and intervention strategies in physical therapy and rehabilitation practices.
Eligibility
Sex
ALL
Min age
18 Years
Max age
65 Years
Healthy volunteers
Accepted
Inclusion Criteria:
* Between the ages of 18 and 65
* Have had localized pain in the front of the knee for at least the past 3 months
* Experience pain during activities that require stair climbing, squatting, prolonged sitting, or knee flexion
* Have been diagnosed with patellofemoral pain syndrome based on clinical evaluation
* Volunteer to participate in the study and sign the informed consent form
Exclusion Criteria:
* History of previous surgery on the knee joint
* History of significant trauma to the knee region within the last 6 months
* Diagnosis of meniscus, ligament injuries, knee osteoarthritis, or inflammatory rheumatic disease
* Neurological diseases or systemic diseases affecting the musculoskeletal system
* Presence of other lower extremity pathologies causing pain at a level that could affect measurements
Primary outcome measure(s)
Ultrasonographic Measurement — through of the study, average 4 months A B-mode ultrasound device with a high-frequency (7-12 MHz) linear probe will be used to evaluate muscle architecture. Ultrasound is a reliable, reproducible, and non-invasive imaging method for assessing the morphological characteristics of muscle tissue. Ultrasonographic evaluations will be performed by an experienced researcher in musculoskeletal ultrasonography, in a quiet and standard environment. A high-frequency (7-12 MHz) linear probe will be used during measurements. Participants will be placed on the evaluation table in a supine position, with the knee joint fully extended and relaxed. Before measurements, anatomical reference points will be determined using a tape measure, and temporary markings will be made on the skin. Vastus Medialis Obliquus (VMO): VMO muscle thickness measurement will be performed in the region where the oblique orientation of the muscle fibers is prominent, using the upper-medial edge of the patella as a reference. The measurement point will be determ
This page summarises publicly available registry data for informational purposes — not medical advice. Eligibility is determined by each study team; patients should discuss participation with their clinician.
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