Metabolic Syndrome and Prediabetes

Inclusion Criteria 1. Adults aged 18 years or older. 2. Individuals clinically diagnosed by a physician as having metabolic syndrome (meeting at least three of the following five criteria) or prediabetes: (A) Waist circumference: ≥ 90 cm in men or ≥ 80 cm in women, or body mass index (BMI) ≥ 27 kg/m². (B) Fasting plasma glucose (AC): ≥ 100 mg/dL. (C) Blood pressure: Systolic blood pressure ≥ 130 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 85 mmHg. (D) Triglycerides (TG): ≥ 150 mg/dL. (E) High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C): \< 40 mg/dL in men or \< 50 mg/dL in women. 3. Individuals meeting the definition of prediabetes, defined as glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) between 5.7% and 6.4%. 4. Participants who are willing to participate in the study and have signed written informed consent. 5. Participants who are able to complete basic physical examinations and assessment procedures. Exclusion Criteria 1. Individuals unable to comprehend the study information or procedures. 2. Individuals unable to comply with the required assessments or study protocols. 3. Any other condition that, in the clinical judgment of the principal investigator, deems the individual unsuitable for participation.