Awake mapping under local anesthesia: During an awake craniotomy, the patient is awake and cooperative during the resection of the tumor while the surgeon uses electro(sub)cortical mapping to prevent damage to eloquent areas.
Asleep mapping under general anesthesia: During asleep mapping under general anesthesia, the surgeon uses electro(sub)cortical mapping with evoked potentials (MEPs, SSEPs or continuous dynamic mapping) to prevent damage to eloquent areas.
Resection under general anesthesia without mapping: During resection under general anesthesia without mapping, the surgeon does not use any intraoperative stimulation mapping techniques to identify eloquent areas.
The study is designed as an international, multicenter prospective cohort study. Patients with presumed glioblastoma (GBM) in- or near eloquent areas on diagnostic MRI will be selected by neurosurgeons. Patients will be treated following one of three study arms: 1) a craniotomy where the resection boundaries for motor or language functions will be identified by the "awake" mapping technique (awake craniotomy, AC); 2) a craniotomy where the resection boundaries for motor functions will be identified by "asleep" mapping techniques (MEPs, SSEPs, continuous dynamic mapping); 3) a craniotomy where the resection boundaries will not be identified by any mapping technique ("no mapping group"). All patients will receive follow-up according to standard practice.
| Facility | City | Region | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| University of California, San Francisco | San Francisco | California | Not Yet Recruiting |
| Massachusetts General Hospital | Boston | Massachusetts | Not Yet Recruiting |
| University Hospitals Leuven | Leuven | Vlaams-Brabant | Not Yet Recruiting |
| University Hospital Heidelberg | Heidelberg | Germany | Not Yet Recruiting |
| Technical University Munich | Munich | Germany | Not Yet Recruiting |
| Erasmus MC | Rotterdam | South Holland | Recruiting |
| Medical Center Haaglanden | The Hague | South Holland | Not Yet Recruiting |
| Inselspital Universitätsspital Bern | Bern | Switzerland | Not Yet Recruiting |
This page summarises publicly available registry data for informational purposes — not medical advice. Eligibility is determined by each study team; patients should discuss participation with their clinician.
View NCT04708171 on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗ ← All trials in the Netherlands