Awareness of Risk Factors and Perception of Cardiovascular Risk in Secondary Prevention Among Women and Men

Inclusion criteria: * Male or female participants aged ≥ 18 years at the time of signing informed consent. * Individuals with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), defined as at least one of the following: * Ischemic heart disease (e.g., documented myocardial infarction, percutaneous coronary intervention, coronary artery bypass grafting, or ≥50% coronary stenosis in at least two coronary territories); * Cerebrovascular disease (e.g., documented ischemic stroke; transient ischemic attack, primary intracerebral hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage are not qualifying conditions; carotid stenting or endarterectomy); * Peripheral arterial disease (e.g., peripheral arterial intervention, stent placement, surgical revascularization, lower limb amputation due to obstructive disease, or intermittent claudication with ABI \<0.90 in the past 12 months); * Atherosclerotic aortic disease (e.g., abdominal or descending thoracic aortic aneurysm). * Signed informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: * Inability or difficulty in completing the questionnaires in Italian and/or functional illiteracy. * History of or current severe psychiatric disorder that could compromise the reliability of questionnaire responses. * Refusal or withdrawal of informed consent.