Effects of Red and Infrared Photobiomodulation in Rhinoplasty at a Single Centre

Condition(s) studied

Investigational drug(s) / intervention(s)

Photobiomodulation: The photobiomodulation device used in this study will be the ECCO Reability (Ecco Fibras, Campinas, SP, Brazil), which is approved for clinical use by the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency (ANVISA) under registration number 80323310001. The equipment is also certified by INMETRO, ensuring adherence to nationally established safety and performance standards.

Simulation of Photobiomodulation: In the sham group, the photobiomodulation procedure will be simulated with the device turned off. To preserve blinding, the equipment will be positioned as in the active treatment and its operational sound will be reproduced during the simulation, ensuring that the intervention remains indistinguishable from the actual PBM application.

Standard treatment protocol: All participants will undergo primary open rhinoplasty performed using piezo-assisted osteotomies, following standardized surgical protocols. Subperiosteal dissection will be carried out along the lateral nasal walls, with supraperiosteal dissection in the medial region of the bony nasal dorsum. The configuration of osteotomies will be selected according to individual anatomical and surgical requirements. All procedures will be performed by experienced otolaryngologists. All participants will also receive standardized perioperative medical care, identical in both groups. No medication will be administered preoperatively. Intraoperatively, dexamethasone 4 mg and tranexamic acid 1 g will be administered intravenously. Postoperative in-hospital care will include hydrocortisone 200 mg IV, tranexamic acid 250 mg IV, dipyrone 1 g IV, and cefazolin 1 g IV every 8 hours, with ketorolac 10 mg sublingual as needed. After discharge, patients will receive cefuroxime axetil 500 mg orally every 12

Study summary

This single-centre, randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled clinical trial evaluates whether preoperative photobiomodulation (PBM) with red and infrared light can reduce early postoperative periorbital edema in patients undergoing primary open rhinoplasty with osteotomies. Sixty participants will be randomly assigned to receive active PBM or sham PBM one hour before surgery. The primary outcome is periorbital edema on postoperative day 3 measured using a validated ordinal clinical scale with standardized photographic documentation. Secondary outcomes include ecchymosis, postoperative pain, analgesic consumption, nasal tip skin thickness, and patient-reported functional and aesthetic outcomes. Participants will be followed for up to 12 months after surgery.

Eligibility

Primary outcome measure(s)

• Periorbital Edema on postoperative day 3 — Postoperative day 3
  Periorbital edema on postoperative day 3 will be assessed using the Hoffmann Clinical Ordinal Scale for Periorbital Edema (score range 0 to 4), based on the extent of eyelid involvement. In this scale, higher scores indicate more severe edema and therefore a worse outcome. Assessments will be performed by a blinded and calibrated evaluator. Standardized photographic documentation will be obtained and analyzed using ImageJ software as a complementary objective measurement.

Trial sites (1)

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