Rehabilitation of People With Post-tuberculosis Lung Disease

Condition(s) studied

Investigational drug(s) / intervention(s)

Standard care plus pulmonary rehabilitation: A 12-week rehabilitation program, 3X/week. Each outpatient session will last 2 hours including: guidance on the care of inhalation techniques and/or oxygen therapy, when prescribed; aerobic training on a cycle ergometer supervised by a physiotherapist (30 min each: 5 min warm-up, 20 min training and 5 min cool-down) at constant load calculated with Hill's equation (HILL et al., 2008). Optional components of RP will include: inspiratory muscle conditioning using a threshold-loading device, inspiratory muscle training with powerbreathe, breathing exercises, airway clearance, psychological support, relaxation and nutritional counseling. Patients will participate in two group educational sessions, managed by a respiratory physiotherapist, on lifestyle, physical activity and maintenance programs (VISCA et al., 2019; FUGAZZARO et al., 2017; TENCONI et al., 2021).

Standard Care: Participants will receive standard care (SC): a therapeutic education session upon admission, as well as pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) taught by a physical therapist. This therapeutic educational session will involve counseling and self-care management, emphasizing breathing exercises and sputum clearance and self-care techniques. It will consist of smoking cessation education (if this is the case, as tobacco is associated with TB), respiratory retraining (pursed lip breathing, diaphragmatic breathing and segmental breathing) and secretion removal training (coughing exercise, huffing , assisted cough and postural drainage).

Study summary

Tuberculosis (TB) can leave numerous sequelae, where survivors experience a transition from an acute illness to living with a multifaceted chronic illness. Post-TB lung disease (PD-PTB) encompasses lung diseases and pathologies that occur after one or more episodes of TB, which can affect the patient's lung health and cause disabling symptoms that strongly affect their long-term health. In 2020, it was estimated that there were 155 million TB survivors still alive worldwide, with a large proportion of them carrying functional sequelae with profound socioeconomic repercussions. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) on functionality and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of people with PD-PTB and to build a PD-PTB severity scoring system based on the data. of pre-RP individuals using artificial intelligence technique.

Eligibility

Primary outcome measure(s)

• Functional capacity using the ADL-Glittre test (TGlittre) incorporated into dynamic ventilation before and after the PR program — an average of 4 years
  Executed as proposed by Skumlien et al. (2006). The shorter duration TGlittre will be used for analysis and comparison to predicted values for healthy brazilians (REIS et al., 2018). Furthermore, the device Spiropalm 6MWT, Cosmed, Rome, Italy, will be attached to the patient. Inspiratory capacity (IC) will be obtained before and after TGlittre, and a ≥100 mL decrease in IC (∆IC) during exertion will be defined as dynamic hyperinflation (TOSUN et al., 2022). Other dynamic ventilatory responses assessed: minute ventilation (VE) and ventilatory reserve (RV). The latter indicates how close VE comes to maximum ventilation during a given activity, and will be calculated as the difference between maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV) and VEpeak (\[MVV - VEpeak\]/VVM); VR \<30% will be considered exertional ventilation limitation (LOPES et al., 2011a). The MVV will be automatically determined by the device as 40 multiplied by FEV1

Trial sites (2)

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