Persons With Visual DisabilitiesBreast NeoplasmsUterine Cervical NeoplasmsAwarenessEarly Detection of Cancer
Investigational drug(s) / intervention(s)
Cancer Screening Awareness Education for Visually Impaired Women
Cancer Screening Awareness Education for Visually Impaired Women: This intervention is an educational program designed to increase awareness among visually impaired women regarding breast cancer, cervical cancer, and colorectal cancer screenings. The training covers cancer risk factors, screening methods, the application process for Cancer Early Diagnosis, Screening and Training Centers (KETEM), communication methods, and recommended screening intervals. Following the training, participants will receive individual counseling to support them in scheduling screening appointments. A pre-test, post-test, and follow-up test will be administered during the intervention process.
Study summary
This quasi-experimental study aims to determine whether a breast and cervical cancer awareness training program can increase participation in cancer screening among women with visual impairments. The study also aims to identify barriers to screening and improve knowledge about cancer risk factors and screening methods. The main questions this study will address are:
* Does the training increase the rate at which women with visual impairments attend cancer screening appointments?
* Does the training improve participants' knowledge about breast and cervical cancer?
Participants will:
* Receive training on breast and cervical cancer risk factors and screening methods.
* Learn how to apply to the Cancer Early Diagnosis, Screening, and Training Center.
* Be encouraged to attend cancer screening during the study period.
* Have knowledge and screening status assessed before the training, immediately after, and three months later.
Eligibility
Sex
FEMALE
Min age
40 Years
Max age
—
Healthy volunteers
Accepted
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
* Women with only a visual impairment (congenital or acquired)
* Able to communicate, speak, and understand Turkish
* Voluntarily agree to participate in the study
* Over the age of 40
* Have had previous sexual intercourse (Pap smear screening requires sexual activity)
Exclusion Criteria:
* Diagnosed with breast or cervical cancer
* Under the age of 40
* Have not had sexual intercourse before
* Have undergone screening for at least one of these two cancer types (breast or cervical) within the last year
According to the Turkish Ministry of Health, General Directorate of Public Health, in current screenings conducted in our country, within the breast cancer screening program for women, mammography is recommended every two years for women aged 40-69, and within the cervical cancer screening program, Pap smear and HPV-DNA tests are recommended every five years for women aged 30-65. Since women will be referred by the researchers to KETEM centers after training to undergo mammography and Pap smear screening tests, visually impaired women over the age of 40 who have previously had sexual intercourse will be included in the study, as these two screening tests are performed in this common age group and Pap smear screening requires being sexually active.
Primary outcome measure(s)
Change in Cancer Screening Uptake Rate — Post-test (immediately after the training), follow-up test (3 months later). Change in the percentage of visually impaired women who undergo breast and cervical cancer screening at Cancer Early Diagnosis, Screening, and Training Centers (KETEM) after the educational intervention.
* Scale: Not applicable (measured as percentage).
* Range: 0% - 100%.
* Interpretation: Higher percentages indicate a better outcome (higher screening participation).
This page summarises publicly available registry data for informational purposes — not medical advice. Eligibility is determined by each study team; patients should discuss participation with their clinician.
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