Psychiatric Symptom Predictors in Methamphetamine-Induced Psychosis

Condition(s) studied

Study summary

This longitudinal observational study aimed to investigate environmental, familial, and individual factors associated with psychiatric symptom severity in participants diagnosed with methamphetamine-induced psychotic disorder (MP). Participants diagnosed according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5-TR) criteria was followed/will be followed prospectively for one year. Sociodemographic characteristics, treatment adherence, perceived social support, addiction-related clinical variables, insight levels, and psychotic symptoms was assessed/will be assessed monthly using standardized psychometric instruments.

The study aimed to identify predictors associated with relapse-remission patterns and changes in psychiatric symptoms over a one-year follow-up period.

Eligibility

Primary outcome measure(s)

• Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS) — To be obtained/will be obtained once a month for 12 months.
  The scale consists of four two-option (yes/no) closed-ended questions. In Turkey, a validity and reliability study was conducted to measure adherence to antipsychotic treatment. A "yes" answer indicates poor adherence to medical treatment. A "no" answer indicates good adherence to medical treatment. A higher number of "yes" answers indicates poor adherence to medical treatment.
• Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) — To be obtained/will be obtained once a month for 12 months.
  The scale consists of 12 items. It is a 7-point Likert-type scale ranging from "Absolutely not 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 Absolutely yes". A higher score indicates higher perceived social support.
• Insight Assessment Scale (IAS) — To be obtained/will be obtained once a month for 12 months.
  It was reported that insight cannot be evaluated as either present or absent, and it was defined it as a three-way process consisting of compliance with treatment, awareness of the illness, and accurate recognition of psychotic experiences. Based on these components, Insight Assessment Scale (IAS) was developed as a clinician-administered scale that quantitatively assesses insight for individuals with psychosis. IAS is an 8-question, clinician-administered, semi-structured scale. "Treatment acceptance"(1a), " treatmentrequest" (1b), "knowledge of illness" (2a), "knowledge of mental illness" (2b), "explanation of illness" (2c), "In addition to the 7 subscales titled "believing in the truth of the delusion" (3a), "explaining their experiences" (3b), there is a subscale titled "reaction to disbelief". The highest total score with this question is 18. A high score indicates a high level of insight. This scale was only administered to the methamphetamine-induced psychotic disorder group.
• Addiction Profile Index Clinical-Practitioner Form (API-C) — To be obtained/will be obtained once a month for 12 months.
  API was developed to measure the factors related to addiction. It is a measure of 37 questions and 5 subscales. Subscales measure the substance use characteristics, dependency diagnostic criteria, the effect of substance use on the individual's life, the craving for substance use and the motivation to quit substance use. API-C includes the assessment of the six areas related to the addiction apart from areas where the API measures directly. Two of these six areas measure mental status, while others measure some personal characteristics of addiction. These areas are; depression, anxiety, anger control failure, lack of safe behavior, excitement seeking behavior and impulsiveness. In addition to the 37 questions in the API, there are 21 more questions in the API-C. Self-notification and enforcement forms are available. In our study, API-C Practitioner Form was used.
• Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) — To be obtained/will be obtained once a month for 12 months.
  PANSS was developed to assess positive and negative symptoms and general psychopathology in patients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorder, and to measure the level of these symptoms. It is administered via a semi-structured interview, taking into account the last week. Information can also be obtained from the patient's relatives and healthcare staff. It consists of a total of 30 items: 7 items addressing positive symptoms, 7 addressing negative symptoms, and 16 addressing general psychopathology symptoms. Each item is scored from 1 to 7, and the scores are summed for the final score. This scale was only administered to the methamphetamine-induced psychotic disorder group.
• Global Assessment Scale (GAS) — To be obtained/will be obtained once a month for 12 months.
  It is a rating scale that is administered quickly and covers all aspects of changes in psychopathology (psychological, social, and occupational functioning). Developed in 1976, it is scored from 0 to 100. A lower score is associated with a lower level of functioning.

Trial sites (1)

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