The Effectiveness of Basic Body Awareness Therapy in Individuals With Pes Planus

Condition(s) studied

Investigational drug(s) / intervention(s)

Basic Body Awareness Therapy (BBAT): Participants will perform Basic Body Awareness Therapy (BBAT) combined with SFE for 8 weeks. BBAT sessions are 45 minutes, twice weekly in small groups under a certified physiotherapist. Exercises target postural control, motor coordination, body awareness, balance, and functional movement, progressing from supine to sitting, standing, and walking positions. After each BBAT session, participants perform SFE following the same progression as the Control Group.

Short Foot Exercises (SFE): Participants will perform Short Foot Exercises (SFE) for 8 weeks. Sessions are twice weekly under physiotherapist supervision in small groups (3-8 participants) and 5 days/week at home. Exercises progress from sitting (weeks 1-2), standing (weeks 3-4), single-leg (weeks 5-6), to functional activities (weeks 7-8). Each session lasts \~20 minutes, 3 sets of 10 reps with 1-minute rest. Participants receive instruction on proper technique and adherence is monitored online

Study summary

This study investigates whether adding Basic Body Awareness Therapy (BBAT) to Short Foot Exercises (SFE) improves pes planus, balance, and body awareness in adults with flexible pes planus. Fifty participants aged 18-45 will be randomly assigned to either a BBAT + SFE group or an SFE-only control group. The interventions will last eight weeks with supervised sessions twice weekly and additional home exercises. Outcomes will be measured before, after, and two months post-intervention.

Eligibility

Primary outcome measure(s)

• Navicular Drop Test — Baseline (pre-intervention), post-intervention (8 weeks), follow-up (2 months after intervention)
  Assessment of medial longitudinal arch height to determine presence and severity of pes planus. Test performed in both sitting (non-weight-bearing) and standing (weight-bearing) positions. Difference ≥10 mm indicates pes planus.
• Dynamic Balance — Baseline, post-intervention (8 weeks), follow-up (2 months)
  Y Balance Test measuring reach distance in anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral directions. Results normalized to leg length.
• Proprioception — Baseline, post-intervention (8 weeks), follow-up (2 months)
  Active and passive joint position sense of the ankle measured with digital goniometer. Eyes closed; angular error from target angle recorded.
• Light Touch Sensation — Baseline, post-intervention (8 weeks), follow-up (2 months)
  Semmes-Weinstein Monofilament Test at seven foot reference points. Threshold of sensation recorded.

Trial sites (1)

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