Effect of Inulin on Gut Microbiota and Gut Barrier in Chronic Kidney Disease

Inclusion Criteria: * Men and women in a ratio of 1:1 * Age 18-75 years * Body mass index 25.0 - 39.9 kg/m\^2 * End-stage kidney disease, which has been treated regularly with hemodialysis for at least 3 months Exclusion Criteria: * Malignant diseases * Recent or current hospitalization * Postoperative phase * Acute infections * Malnutrition * Antibiotic treatment within the last 4 weeks * Regular intake of probiotics and/or prebiotics * Change of body weight of more than 2 kg in the month prior to study entry * Known drug or alcohol abuse Changes applied in July 2022 according to amendment no. 1: * Two inclusion criteria were changed to improve recruitment * Age range was changed from 18-70 to 18-75 years * BMI range was changed from 18.5 - 34.9 to 25.0 - 39.9 kg/m\^2 * The intervention scheme was adapted to increase patient adherence * A 7-day adaption phase with half of the dose (15 grams per day) at the start of the intervention was introduced, changing treatment duration from 28 to 35 days Changes applied in January 2024 according to amendment no. 2: * One inclusion criteria was changed to improve recruitment * BMI range was changed from 25 - 39,9 to 18,5 - 39,9 kg/m² * Last visit was brought foward by 4 weeks.