The Impact of the Self-efficacy Building Nursing Program on Foot Self-care Confidence and Perceived Risk of Diabetes-related Foot Complications Among Diabetic Elderly Patients: A Randomized Virtual Based Trial

Condition(s) studied

Investigational drug(s) / intervention(s)

The Self-Efficacy Building Nursing Program: Intervention Description The Self-Efficacy Building Nursing Program is a structured, theory-based educational intervention grounded in Bandura's Self-Efficacy Theory. It aims to enhance participants' confidence in their ability to perform daily foot self-care behaviors and perceive their risk of complications accurately. The content includes: Educational modules on diabetes and foot health. Training on daily foot inspection, hygiene, nail and skin care, and appropriate footwear. Motivational strategies, goal setting, and problem-solving skills. Video demonstrations, live discussions, and Q\&A sessions with a diabetes nurse educator. The program will be delivered over four weekly virtual sessions, each lasting approximately 45-60 minutes, via a user-friendly telehealth platform (e.g., Zoom or WhatsApp Video). Follow-up support and reminders will be provided through weekly text messages and phone check-ins.

Study summary

Abstract

Background:

Diabetes-related foot complications are a major cause of morbidity among elderly patients with diabetes, often exacerbated by inadequate self-care practices and low self-efficacy. Innovative, accessible interventions are urgently needed to empower patients in preventive foot care.

Objective:

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a self-efficacy building nursing program, delivered virtually, on foot self-care confidence and perceived risk of foot complications among elderly diabetic patients.

Methods:

A randomized controlled trial will be conducted with 120 elderly diabetic patients recruited from at the diabetic outpatient clinics at Damanhour City of El-Behaira Governorate, Egypt. Participants will be randomly assigned to either an intervention group (60 participants) receiving the virtual self-efficacy building program or a control group ( 60 participants) receiving no interventions.

Outcomes Evaluation:

Outcomes will be measured at baseline (pretest), and immediately post-interventions (Posttest) using validated scales.

Keywords Self-efficacy, Foot self-care, Diabetes-related foot complications, Elderly patients, Virtual nursing intervention, randomized controlled trial

Eligibility

Primary outcome measure(s)

• Foot Care Scale for Older Diabetics — through study completion, an average of 1 year
  The Foot Care Scale for Older Diabetics (FCSOD) is a validated tool designed to assess foot self-care behaviors, confidence in performing foot care, and perceived risk of diabetes-related foot complications among elderly diabetic patients. It covers key areas such as daily foot inspection, hygiene, nail and skin care, footwear practices, and professional care seeking. Items are typically rated on a Likert scale, with higher scores indicating better self-care practices and greater confidence. The FCSOD has demonstrated strong reliability and validity, making it a valuable instrument for both clinical assessments and research studies aimed at improving foot health outcomes in older adults. Its user-friendly format also makes it suitable for elderly populations, whether self-administered or conducted via interviews.

Trial sites (1)

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