Preoperative Gastric Volume and High-Risk Gastric Content in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Condition(s) studied

Investigational drug(s) / intervention(s)

Preoperative Gastric Ultrasonography: The gastric antrum will be evaluated in the supine and right lateral decubitus positions before anesthesia induction and sedative premedication. Gastric contents will be assessed qualitatively, and antral cross-sectional area and estimated residual gastric volume will be calculated quantitatively.

Capillary Fasting Blood Glucose Measurement: Capillary fasting blood glucose will be measured by fingertip sampling immediately before gastric ultrasonography. The measured glucose concentration will be evaluated as the primary exposure variable in relation to high-risk gastric findings.

Study summary

This prospective observational study will evaluate adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who are scheduled for elective surgery. Immediately before preoperative gastric ultrasonography, capillary fasting blood glucose will be measured.

Gastric contents will be assessed qualitatively in the supine and right lateral decubitus positions, and residual gastric volume will be estimated using the antral cross-sectional area measured in the right lateral decubitus position.

The primary objective is to evaluate the association between fasting capillary blood glucose and the presence of a high-risk stomach. A high-risk stomach will be defined as the presence of solid gastric contents, Perlas Grade 2 gastric contents, or an estimated gastric volume greater than 1.5 mL/kg.

Secondary objectives include determining the prevalence of a high-risk stomach and evaluating its associations with demographic characteristics, diabetes-related factors, comorbidities, fasting duration, medication use, gastroparesis-related symptoms, and routine laboratory parameters.

Eligibility

Primary outcome measure(s)

• Presence of a High-Risk Stomach — On the day of surgery, during the preoperative assessment immediately before anesthesia induction
  A high-risk stomach will be defined as the presence of at least one of the following findings on preoperative gastric ultrasonography: solid gastric contents; clear fluid visible in both the supine and right lateral decubitus positions (Perlas Grade 2); or an estimated gastric volume greater than 1.5 mL/kg.

Trial sites (1)

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