Simulator and Standardized Patient Training for Cardiopulmonary Examination Skills in Nursing Students

Condition(s) studied

Investigational drug(s) / intervention(s)

Simulation-Based Training: Simulation-based training designed to improve nursing students' cardiopulmonary physical examination knowledge, skills, satisfaction, self-confidence, and clinical preparedness through structured practice using a nursing simulation manikin.

Standardized Patient-Based Training: Standardized patient-based training designed to improve nursing students' cardiopulmonary physical examination knowledge, skills, satisfaction, self-confidence, and clinical preparedness through structured interactions with trained standardized patients.

Study summary

Cardiopulmonary physical examination is a fundamental nursing skill that is essential for the early recognition of patient problems and safe clinical decision-making. Nursing students often experience difficulties in developing competence and confidence in performing cardiac and pulmonary assessment skills during their early clinical education.

This quasi-experimental study aims to compare the effects of simulation-based training and standardized patient-based training on first-year nursing students' cardiopulmonary physical examination outcomes. The study will evaluate knowledge, clinical skill performance, learning satisfaction, self-confidence, and anxiety levels before and after the educational interventions.

Participants will be first-year nursing students enrolled in a health assessment course. Students will be assigned to either a simulation-based training group or a standardized patient-based training group. Data will be collected using knowledge tests, skill assessment checklists, satisfaction and self-confidence scales, and anxiety measures. The findings are expected to contribute to evidence-based nursing education by identifying effective teaching strategies for improving cardiopulmonary assessment competence among nursing students.

Eligibility

Primary outcome measure(s)

• Cardiopulmonary Physical Examination Skill Performance — Immediately after completion of the training intervention
  Clinical skill performance scores obtained using a 27-item cardiopulmonary physical examination skills checklist. The checklist assesses students' performance in communication, vital signs assessment, inspection, palpation, cardiac auscultation, and pulmonary auscultation. Each item is scored on a 3-point scale (0 = not performed, 1 = performed incorrectly or incompletely, 2 = performed correctly and completely). Total scores range from 0 to 54, with higher scores indicating greater competence in cardiopulmonary physical examination skills.

Trial sites (2)

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