A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Whole Body Vibration Therapy With Usual Care and Usual Care to Improve Muscle Health in Older Adults

Inclusion Criteria: * Healthy Volunteer or Patients aged 65 and above, * Clinical frailty Scale (CFS) score of 3-4, * Independently ambulating without any aid * willingness and consent to participate in the study and ability to travel to the study-site for the measurements and interventions, and * participants with no regular exercise habits (defined as less than 150mins/week of moderate intensity aerobic exercise and less than twice a week of strengthening exercises)for past 3 months. Exclusion Criteria: * current active enrolment into any Day Rehab or community exercise program, * contraindications to WBVT machine usage (see below), * diagnosis of dementia, * history of Diabetes Mellitus * BMI ≤20kg/m2, * recent hospital admissions within the last 3 months, * end stage organ failure, * chronic diseases which are not well managed, for example, poorly controlled hypertension, * New York Heart Association (NYHA) score II and above for patients with history of heart failure and * MUST Score ≥1. Contraindications to WBVT: PRIMARY CONTRAINDICATIONS TO WBVT * Pregnancy * Acute thrombosis (acute vascular occlusion) * Artificial joints in stimulated body regions * Fresh fractures in stimulated body regions * Within 3 months post surgery/procedure and/or any fresh wounds and scars in the stimulated body regions * or if the wound healing is not yet completely finished. SECONDARY CONTRAINDICATIONS TO WBVT * Acute inflammation of the musculoskeletal system, activated arthrosis or * arthropathy (e.g. acute inflammation and swelling in joints). * Acute tendinopathies in stimulated body regions (acute tendonitis) * Acute hernias (tissue ruptures) * Acute discopathy (acute disc-related back problem) * Stone disease of the bile ducts and urinary tract * Rheumatoid Arthritis * Epilepsy due to secondary risk of injury