Tumors and Respiratory System Diseases Due to Air Pollution: New Biomarkers of Exposure and Effects

Inclusion Criteria: Patient Cohort to be Recruited at the Department of Pneumology and Respiratory Intensive Care, IRCCS AOU of Bologna: * Age ≥ 18 years * Patients with a diagnosis of COPD of any severity (FEV1/FVC \< 0.7 after bronchodilation test) * Non-smokers according to ISS definition: patients who declare having smoked less than 100 cigarettes (5 packs of 20) in their lifetime and are not currently smokers * Signature of informed consent Healthy Volunteer Cohort to be Recruited at the Department of Pneumology and Respiratory Intensive Care, IRCCS AOU of Bologna: * Age ≥ 18 years * Non-smokers according to ISS definition: subjects who declare having smoked less than 100 cigarettes (5 packs of 20) in their lifetime and are not currently smokers * Absence of comorbidities related to the study (COPD, solid tumors, leukemia) in medical history * Workers of the IRCCS AOU of Bologna, S. Orsola Polyclinic * Signature of informed consent Patient Cohort to be Recruited at the Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS AOU of Bologna: * Age ≥ 18 years * Patients with a diagnosis of lung neoplasm of any histotype and stage * Non-smokers according to ISS definition: patients who declare having smoked less than 100 cigarettes (5 packs of 20) in their lifetime and are not currently smokers * Signature of informed consent Healthy Volunteer Cohort to be Recruited at the Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS AOU of Bologna: * Age ≥ 18 years * Non-smokers according to ISS definition: subjects who declare having smoked less than 100 cigarettes (5 packs of 20) in their lifetime and are not currently smokers * Absence of comorbidities related to the study (COPD, solid tumors, leukemia) in medical history * Workers of the IRCCS AOU of Bologna, S. Orsola Polyclinic * Signature of informed consent Patient Cohort to be Recruited at the Hematology Department (Hospital-University Company, Policlinico Riuniti di Foggia): * Age ≥ 18 years * Non-smokers according to ISS definition: patients who declare having smoked less than 100 cigarettes (5 packs of 20) in their lifetime and are not currently smokers * Patients with a diagnosis of leukemia of any type * Signature of informed consent Healthy Volunteer Cohort to be Recruited at the Hematology Department (Hospital-University Company, Policlinico Riuniti di Foggia): * Age ≥ 18 years * Non-smokers according to ISS definition: subjects who declare having smoked less than 100 cigarettes (5 packs of 20) in their lifetime and are not currently smokers * Absence of comorbidities related to the study (COPD, solid tumors, leukemia) in medical history * Workers of the Hospital-University Company, Policlinico Riuniti di Foggia * Signature of informed consent Exclusion Criteria: Patient Cohort to be Recruited at the Department of Pneumology and Respiratory Intensive Care, IRCCS AOU of Bologna: * Deficiency of alpha-1 antitrypsin (A1AT) Healthy Volunteer Cohort to be Recruited at the Department of Pneumology and Respiratory Intensive Care, IRCCS AOU of Bologna: * Workers from the Department of Pneumology and Respiratory Intensive Care, IRCCS AOU of Bologna, S. Orsola Polyclinic Patient Cohort to be Recruited at the Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS AOU of Bologna: * Previous and/or current diagnosis of solid tumors, myelodysplastic syndromes, myeloproliferative neoplasms * Previous and/or current treatment with antineoplastic agents Healthy Volunteer Cohort to be Recruited at the Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS AOU of Bologna: * Workers from the Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS AOU of Bologna, S. Orsola Polyclinic Patient Cohort to be Recruited at the Hematology Department (Hospital-University Company, Policlinico Riuniti di Foggia): * Previous diagnosis of solid tumors, myelodysplastic syndromes, myeloproliferative neoplasms * Previous treatment with antineoplastic agents (alkylating agents, hydroxyurea, topoisomerase II inhibitors, lenalidomide) -Presence of pre-existing genetic conditions (Fanconi anemia, ataxia- telangiectasia, Down syndrome, xeroderma pigmentosum, Li-Fraumeni syndrome) * Infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), human T-lymphotropic virus types 1 or 2, or Epstein-Barr virus Healthy Volunteer Cohort to be Recruited at the Hematology Department (Hospital-University Company, Policlinico Riuniti di Foggia): * Workers from the Hematology Department, Hospital-University Company, Policlinico Riuniti di Foggia