The goal of our observational study is evaluation of the clinical severity of dental fluorosis and associated risk factors among a group of children (8-12 years old) in a rural region, Dendera center, Egypt.
The main question it aims to answer is:
What is the clinical severity of dental fluorosis and associated risk factors among a group of children (8-12 years old) in a rural region, Dendera center, Egypt?
Eligibility
Sex
ALL
Min age
8 Years
Max age
12 Years
Healthy volunteers
Accepted
Inclusion criteria:
* Children age range from 8 to 12 years.
* Children have lived in the area of the study since birth.
* Teeth to be examined should not be covered with fillings or braces.
Exclusion criteria:
* Parents or children who refuse to participate in the study.
* Ethical consideration.
Primary outcome measure(s)
Clinically evident dental fluorosis in permanent incisors (prevalence) — Baseline (during the initial clinical examination of the child) Clinical examination (using a probe and mouth mirror in bright daily life, using ICMR index which have the following scores 0: no fluorosis /1: mild fluorosis \_ 2: moderate fluorosis / 3: severe fluorosis)
This page summarises publicly available registry data for informational purposes — not medical advice. Eligibility is determined by each study team; patients should discuss participation with their clinician.
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