The goal of this observational study is to learn about the prevalence, progression, and influencing factors of cognitive impairment in patients with primary aldosteronism (PA). The main questions it aims to answer are:
1. What is the prevalence of baseline cognitive impairment in PA patients and what factors are associated with it?
2. What is the incidence of cognitive progression in PA patients within 1 and 5 years of follow-up and what factors influence this progression? Participants who are already diagnosed with PA as part of their regular medical care will be invited to join this long-term study. They will complete regular cognitive tests, medical check-ups, and questionnaires for up to 5 years. Some participants will also have optional blood tests and brain scans to help researchers understand the causes behind any cognitive changes.
Eligibility
Sex
ALL
Min age
40 Years
Max age
—
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion Criteria:
* 1\. Aged ≥ 40 years.
* 2\. Biochemically confirmed diagnosis of Primary Aldosteronism (PA) according to contemporary guidelines (e.g., confirmed positive case detection test and confirmatory test).
* 3\. Ability to understand and cooperate with comprehensive neuropsychological assessment.
* 4\. Voluntary participation and provision of written informed consent.
Exclusion Criteria:
* 1\. Significant visual, hearing, or motor impairment that prevents completion of cognitive testing.
* 2\. History of major neurological disorders (e.g., stroke, Parkinson's disease, intracranial tumor, severe traumatic brain injury).
* 3\. History of major psychiatric illness, intellectual disability, or current use of antipsychotic medications.
* 4\. Diagnosis of secondary hypertension other than PA.
* 5\. Unwillingness to participate by the patient or their legal representative.
Primary outcome measure(s)
1-Year Early Cognitive Progression in Patients with PA — Baseline and 12 months. Defined as the proportion of PA patients who experience cognitive progression within 1 year of follow-up. Cognitive progression includes three transitions: 1) Normal cognition → MCI; 2) Normal cognition → Dementia; 3) MCI → Dementia.The diagnostic criteria for MCI and dementia are based on the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association (NIA-AA) criteria (for MCI and dementia). All events are adjudicated by an independent endpoint committee.
5-Year Cumulative Incidence of Cognitive Progression in Patients with PA — Baseline, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months. Defined as the proportion of PA patients who experience cognitive progression within 5 years of follow-up. Cognitive progression follows the same transitions and diagnostic criteria as the 1-year primary outcome (NIA-AA criteria). All events are adjudicated by an independent endpoint committee.
Trial sites (2)
Facility
City
Region
Status
The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College
Chengdu
Sichuan
Recruiting
The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University
This page summarises publicly available registry data for informational purposes — not medical advice. Eligibility is determined by each study team; patients should discuss participation with their clinician.
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