PASS Pain After Surgery

Condition(s) studied

Investigational drug(s) / intervention(s)

Retrieving of retrospective data from Epic: Retrospective data from Epic will be extracted to determine the Patient Acceptable Symptom State (PASS) for the numeric rating scale (NRS) pain score in the first 48 hours after surgery in patients who received intravenous Patient Controlled Analgesia.

Study summary

The numeric rating scale (NRS) is one way to assess how much pain a patient is feeling after surgery, ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (the worst pain imaginable). The score getting lower can thus indicate pain relief. However, a small change in the score does not mean that the patient is actually satisfied with their pain relief treatment. The PASS (patient acceptable symptom state) is the score threshold beyond which a patient considers their treatment satisfactory.

The purpose of this observational study is to find out the PASS for the NRS in the first 48 hours after surgery. This will help guide future research on pain medicine, so that new techniques can deliver adequate patient satisfaction.

Eligibility

Primary outcome measure(s)

• PASS for the NRS — First 48 hours after surgery
  The PASS for the NRS pain score in the first 48 hours after surgery in patients who received intravenous PCA. To determine PASS, patients responding "yes" to the satisfaction question in Epic are considered to have an acceptable pain state at that time. Each patient can contribute multiple NRS scores. PASS will be calculated as: * the 75th centile of the NRS taken at the time of the "yes" satisfaction response * the highest NRS pain score at which each patient considers themselves satisfied. The NRS PASS will be the mean of these scores. * the NRS cut-off that optimizes the sensitivity and specificity between satisfied and unsatisfied responses using receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves The method that gives the PASS with the best sensitivity and specificity will be determined. These methods will be used to calculate the PASS separately for pain at rest and with movement. This will be done for the entire 48-hour period, separately for each surgery.

Trial sites (1)

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