The Impact of a Nursing Care Program Based on Human Caring Theory on Adolescents With Self-harm

Condition(s) studied

Investigational drug(s) / intervention(s)

Group receiving Nursing Care Program based on Human Caring Theory: Adolescents who can be included in the study are determined by interviewing the group of physicians working at the Child and Adolescent Mental Health and Diseases Outpatient Clinic of Antalya City Hospital. Providing verbal information about the research to adolescents and parents/guardians, obtaining written consent from adolescents and parents/guardians who agree to participate in the research, administering the measurement tools,implementing the Human Caring Theory-Based Nursing Care Program for a total of six weeks, once a week, re-administering the measurement tools, conducting a follow-up measurement after six weeks,terminating the interview.

Group receiving routine treatment and follow-up at the polyclinic.: Adolescents who can be included in the study are determined by interviewing the group of physicians working at the Child and Adolescent Mental Health and Diseases Outpatient Clinic of Antalya City Hospital. Providing verbal information about the research to adolescents and parents/guardians, obtaining written consent from adolescents and parents/guardians who agree to participate in the research, administering the measurement tools, application of measurement tools after six weeks, follow-up measurement after six weeks, terminating the interview.

Study summary

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of a Nursing Care Program based on Human Caring Theory on self-esteem, coping, and self-compassion in adolescents exhibiting self-harming behavior.

Hypotheses of the research:

H1-a: The self-esteem level of adolescents exhibiting self-harm in the intervention group that received the Human Caring Theory-Based Nursing Care Program differed significantly from the control group.

H1-b: The self-compassion level of adolescents exhibiting self-harm in the intervention group that received the Human Caring Theory-Based Nursing Care Program differed significantly from the control group.

H1-c: The coping level of adolescents exhibiting self-harm in the intervention group that received the Human Caring Theory-Based Nursing Care Program differed significantly from the control group.

This study is a randomized, controlled, single-blind experimental design. It will be conducted between March 2026 and March 2027 at the Child and Adolescent Mental Health and Diseases Outpatient Clinic of Antalya City Hospital with 48 adolescents (24 in the intervention group and 24 in the control group) who meet the inclusion criteria. The Human Caring Theory-Based Nursing Care Program will be applied individually and face-to-face to adolescents in the intervention group through structured therapeutic interviews. Data will be collected using a Personal Information Form, the Inventory of Statements About Self-injury, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, the Coping Scale for Adolescents, and the Short Form of the Self-Compassion Scale. Data analysis will be performed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) 31.0 software package. It is believed that the Human Caring Theory-Based Nursing Care Program may be effective in improving self-esteem, self-compassion, and coping skills in adolescents exhibiting self-harm behavior.

Eligibility

Primary outcome measure(s)

• Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale (RSE) — six weeks
  1st, 2nd, and 3rd questions; 4th and 5th questions; and 9th and 10th questions are evaluated together. If a respondent receives points on any two of the first three questions (2 out of 3), they receive one point from this set. If they select one of the options that receives a point in either the 4th or 5th question, they also receive one point from this set. The 9th and 10th questions are evaluated in the same way as the 4th and 5th questions. The 6th, 7th, and 8th questions are each scored individually. Thus, when a respondent receives points from all question sets, the maximum possible total score is 6.
• The Short Form of Self-Compassion Questionnaire — six weeks
  The Short Form of the Self-Compassion Scale can be administered to middle school and high school students. Items 1, 4, 8, 9, 10, and 11 on the scale are reverse-coded. As the total score obtained from the scale increases, the level of self-compassion also increases. During the adaptation of the scale into Turkish, one item was removed.
• Coping Scale for Adolescents (CSA) — six weeks
  The scale consists of 11 items. Items 3, 6, 8, and 10 are related to active coping. Items 1, 2, 9, and 11 are related to avoidance coping. Items 4, 5, and 7 are related to negative coping. Each subscale score is obtained by summing the scores of the relevant items. The possible score range is 0-12 for active coping and avoidance coping, and 0-9 for negative coping. Higher scores on the scale indicate more frequent use of the corresponding coping approach.

Trial sites (1)

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