Perioperative Transcranial Photobiomodulation and Delayed Neurocognitive Recovery in Older Patients

Condition(s) studied

Investigational drug(s) / intervention(s)

Transcranial photobiomodulation therapy: A transcranial photobiomodulation therapy device employing medium-intensity LED near-infrared light will be applied to the foreheads of participants. Treatments will be done twice daily on the day before surgery and on the first and second days after surgery, and once on the day of surgery, with at least 8 hours between any two treatments. Each intervention will last 10 minutes. The investigators conducting the bedside intervention will monitor the safety of participants during the interventions.

Transcranial pseudo-photobiomodulation: A transcranial photobiomodulation therapy device employing extremely low-intensity LED near-infrared light will be applied to the foreheads of participants. Treatments will be done twice daily on the day before surgery and on the first and second days after surgery, and once on the day of surgery, with at least 8 hours between any two treatments. Each intervention will last 10 minutes. The investigators conducting the bedside intervention will monitor the safety of participants during the interventions.

Study summary

Delayed neurocognitive recovery is a common neurocognitive complication in older patients after surgery, especially those with preoperative neurocognitive decline. Transcranial photobiomodulation therapy is a novel neuromodulation technique using transcranial low-power light to modulate brain biological functions. This technique has been used to treat various neurological or psychiatric conditions, including ischemic stroke, traumatic brain injury, and major depression. This study is designed to explore whether using transcranial photobiomodulation therapy during the perioperative period can reduce the incidence of delayed neurocognitive recovery in older patients with pre-existing neurocognitive impairment.

Eligibility

Primary outcome measure(s)

• Incidence of delayed neurocognitive recovery — On the 4th day after surgery or before discharge if earlier
  Cognitive function will be assessed at baseline and at 4 days after surgery (or before hospital discharge if ealier) using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA; scores range from 0 to 30, with higher scores indicating better cognitive function). Delayed neurocognitive decline (dNCR) is defined as: a \|Z\| value of decline in MoCA score ≥1.96. Z value = \[(change from baseline in MoCA score in a surgical patient - mean change from baseline in MoCA score in the non-surgical group)\] / (standard deviation of change from baseline in MoCA score in the non-surgical group).

Trial sites (1)

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