Safety and Preliminary Efficacy of hUCMSC-EVs in Interstitial Lung Disease

Key Inclusion Criteria: * Age 18 years and older, regardless of gender. * Diagnosed with interstitial lung disease (ILD). * High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) findings within 3 months prior to randomization must be consistent with interstitial pulmonary imaging changes. * Pulmonary function test within the protocol-defined acceptable range prior to randomization. * Good compliance, able to understand and cooperate with the required examinations and procedures, and willing to attend follow-up visits as scheduled. * Voluntary participation and signing of written informed consent form. Key Exclusion Criteria: * Inability to tolerate nebulized inhalation therapy. * Requirement for oxygen supplementation \> 15 hours per day during the screening period. * Allergic diathesis or a history of life-threatening drug hypersensitivity. * History of malignancy within 5 years. * Active hepatitis B, hepatitis C, or HIV infection. * Active systemic infection requiring antibiotic therapy. * Clinically significant laboratory abnormalities at screening. * Concomitant significant or severe respiratory disease. * History of psychiatric illness, epilepsy, or other central nervous system disorders. * Concomitant severe cardiovascular, hepatic, or renal systemic disease. * Pregnancy, planned pregnancy in the near future, or breastfeeding. * Unwillingness to use effective contraception during the study period. * Any condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, may increase the risk to the participant or interfere with the study outcomes.