This study investigates the validity and reliability of the BETY- Biopsychosocial Questionnaire (BETY-BQ) as a biopsychosocial assessment tool in individuals with temporomandibular dysfunction-related headaches.
Eligibility
Sex
ALL
Min age
18 Years
Max age
60 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion Criteria:
* Ages between 18 and 60 years old
* Getting a diagnosis of TMD-related headache
* Not having received FTR and manual therapy in the last 3 months
* Having pain ≥ 50 or more according to the headache impact test (HIT 6)
* Patients who have not received medical treatment in the last 3 months and will not receive medical treatment during the treatment
* Patients who describe pain in the jaw, face, temporal region, or ear for at least 6 months and who have pain in the chewing muscles with palpation
Exclusion Criteria:
* Ages under 18 and over 60 years old
* Patients with disc displacement and attachment degeneration
* Patients with dental infection
* Patients who have undergone facial and ear surgery in the last six months
* Patients undergoing orthodontic treatment
* Patients using regular analgesics or anti-inflammatory drugs
* Patients with a history of trauma (whiplash injury, condylar trauma, fracture),
* Patients who have undergone any surgery related to the cervical and TMJ
* Patients with facial paralysis
* Patients with missing teeth in the upper jaw
* Patients with cognitive deficits
* Participation rate lower than 80% of the program schedule
Primary outcome measure(s)
BETY-Biopsychosocial Questionnaire (BETY-BQ) — 1 week The BETY-Biopsychosocial Questionnaire (BETY-BQ) is used to evaluate the biopsychosocial process associated with the disease. A 5-point Likert system is used to score this scale. Each question is scored as "0= never, 1=yes rarely, 2=yes sometimes, 3=yes often, 4=yes always" and gives a total score of over 30 items. A high score means a low biopsychosocial level.
This page summarises publicly available registry data for informational purposes — not medical advice. Eligibility is determined by each study team; patients should discuss participation with their clinician.
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