Non-Calibrated Splinting Scan Body System (IoConnect)Mobile Phone-Based Photogrammetry System (T-Marker)
Non-Calibrated Splinting Scan Body System (IoConnect): A non-calibrated splinting scan body system used with an intraoral scanner to record complete-arch implant positions. The workflow uses splinted scan bodies that are digitally merged with the soft-tissue scan to generate the definitive implant impression.
Mobile Phone-Based Photogrammetry System (T-Marker): A smartphone-based photogrammetry system used to capture complete-arch implant positions through optical markers attached to multiunit abutments. The system generates a digital implant position dataset for prosthetic workflow and accuracy assessment.
Study summary
This randomized crossover clinical trial aims to compare the accuracy and scanning efficiency of two digital techniques for recording implant positions in completely edentulous patients receiving implant-supported full-arch prostheses. Each participant will undergo digital impressions using both a non-calibrated splinting scan body system (IoConnect) with an intraoral scanner and a mobile phone-based photogrammetry system (T-Marker). The order of the two scanning methods will be randomized.
The primary outcome is the accuracy (trueness) of implant position recording, assessed by comparing each digital impression with a verified reference model. Secondary outcomes include the time required to complete each digital impression. The findings of this study may help determine whether these digital workflows provide accurate and efficient alternatives for complete-arch implant impressions, thereby supporting clinical decision-making in implant prosthodontics.
Eligibility
Sex
ALL
Min age
20 Years
Max age
60 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion Criteria
* Adults aged 18 years or older.
* Completely edentulous maxilla rehabilitated with four well-integrated implants connected to multiunit abutments.
* Patients presenting with a screw-retained interim implant-supported prosthesis or requiring a definitive implant-supported prosthesis.
* Adequate implant osseointegration with no clinical signs of implant failure.
* Ability to understand the study procedures and provide written informed consent.
Exclusion Criteria
* Fewer than four implants supporting the maxillary prosthesis.
* Implants located outside the maxillary arch.
* Failed implants or implants exhibiting mobility.
* Active peri-implant infection or suppuration.
* Inability to tolerate intraoral scanning or comply with study procedures.
* Refusal or inability to provide written informed consent.
Primary outcome measure(s)
Trueness of Complete-Arch Implant Position Recording — Immediately after completion of each digital impression (during the 1 day study visit). Trueness will be assessed by comparing each experimental digital implant impression with a verified reference dataset generated from a conventional splinted impression. Three-dimensional analysis will be performed using reverse-engineering software to calculate the linear (µm) and angular (degrees) deviations of implant positions. Lower deviation values indicate greater trueness.
Angular Deviation of Complete-Arch Implant Position Recording — Immediately after completion of each digital impression (during the 1 day study visit). Angular trueness will be assessed by comparing each experimental digital implant impression with a verified reference dataset. Three-dimensional analysis will be performed using reverse-engineering software to calculate the angular deviation (degrees) of implant axes. Lower values indicate greater trueness.
This page summarises publicly available registry data for informational purposes — not medical advice. Eligibility is determined by each study team; patients should discuss participation with their clinician.
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