Home-based Transcranial Temporal Interference Stimulation (HB-TIS): Transcranial temporal interference stimulation (TIS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation technique that delivers two high-frequency alternating currents through scalp electrodes to generate a low-frequency interference field in deep brain regions. In this study, TIS targets the internal globus pallidus (GPi) to modulate neural activity in people with Parkinson's disease. Participants will receive one stimulation session per day, seven days per week, for four weeks in a home-based setting under real-time remote supervision.
The electrode placement is based on a standard 10-10 electroencephalography (EEG) system. For stimulation targeting the right GPi, electrode pairs will be positioned at CP3-CP6 and F3-F6; for stimulation targeting the left GPi, electrode pairs will be positioned at CP4-CP5 and F4-F5.
The sham TIS condition uses the same setup and procedures but does not deliver effective stimulation, thereby maintaining blinding.
Study summary
The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if home-based temporal interference stimulation (TIS) works to improve motor symptoms in people with Parkinson's disease (PD). It will also learn about the safety of this treatment. The main questions it aims to answer are:
1. Does home-based TIS improve movement problems such as slow movement, stiffness, and walking difficulty?
2. Are the effects maintained after the treatment ends?
3. What medical problems (adverse events) occur during treatment? Researchers will compare active TIS to a sham treatment (a look-alike procedure that does not deliver active stimulation) to see if TIS works.
Participants will:
1. Receive active TIS or sham stimulation once a day for 4 weeks at home under remote supervision
2. Visit the clinic at specific time points for movement assessments
3. Complete online questionnaires about symptoms and quality of life
Eligibility
Sex
ALL
Min age
40 Years
Max age
80 Years
Healthy volunteers
No
Inclusion Criteria:
* Diagnosis of Parkinson's disease according to established clinical criteria
* Mild-to-moderate disease severity, defined as Hoehn and Yahr stage 1.5-3;
* Age between 40 and 80 years;
* Stable anti-parkinsonian medication regimen;
* Ability to walk unaided for at least 2 minutes.
Exclusion Criteria:
* contraindications to TIs (e.g., metal implantation, pacemakers, etc.);
* the use of DBS;
* significant cognitive impairment as defined by the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease or dementia, or Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) total score\<21, a recommended threshold for dementia in PD;
* diagnosis of other neurological conditions such as multiple sclerosis, previous stroke;
* report of severe lower-extremity arthritis, pain, or orthopedic problems significantly affecting gait;
* physician-diagnosis of schizophrenia or other psychiatric illness;
* an unwillingness to cooperate or participate in the study protocol. Eligible and interested participants will then be enrolled and complete baseline assessments before the randomization.
Primary outcome measure(s)
Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale-III (MDS-UPDRS III) — Baseline, immediately after 1 and 4 weeks of intervention, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks after intervention Change in motor symptoms assessed using the Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale-III (MDS-UPDRS III). The total score ranges from 0 to 132, with higher scores indicating more severe motor impairment (worse outcome).
The time to complete 3-meter instrumented Timed Up and Go (iTUG) test — Baseline, immediately after 1 and 4 weeks of intervention, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks after intervention Participants will wear six wearable sensors of Mobility Lab system (Clario, Philadelphia, PA) to measure the kinematic data when performing iTUG test. In each trial, participants will be asked to stand up from a chair, walk straightforward for 3 meters, make a 180-degree turn, walk back straightly to the chair and sit down.
This page summarises publicly available registry data for informational purposes — not medical advice. Eligibility is determined by each study team; patients should discuss participation with their clinician.
We use cookies to analyse site traffic and improve your experience. With your consent, we may also use cookies for advertising. You can change your choice at any time on our Cookie Policy page. See also our Privacy Policy.